高层建筑火灾风险分析及对策研究

统计归类高层建筑火灾事故原因,得出引发火灾的主要原因和起火的重点部位;采用事故树分析方法,应用安全系统工程理论,判断特定事故,对顶上事件进行演绎分析,层层剖析其发生的基本原因和典型故障,预测引发高层建筑重大或特大火灾事故的可能事件。采用定性和定量分析相结合的方法,对高层建筑火灾风险进行评估分析,并对易失控的初始事件进行量化,得出预防高层建筑火灾基本事件结构的重要度顺序。从安全技术和安全管理两个方面绘制高层建筑火灾防控措施框图,提出有针对性的应对措施和建议,为提高高层建筑预防和控制火灾的能力提供依据。

Risk Analysis of High-rise:Building Fire and Its Countermeasures

Based on the statistics on the causes for fire accidents of high-rise building,main causes and key positions for high-rise building fire accidents are obtained.By use of fault tree analysis method and safety system engineering theory,the specific accident(top event)is decided and deductively analyzed.Then,the underlying causes and typical faults are obtained,and the possible incidents causing severe fire accidents of high-rise building are predicted.Meanwhile,the qualitative and quantitative analysis are organically combined to analyze the fire risk of high-rise building,on the basis of the quantification of the initial events being easy to be out of control,the structure importance for each basic event is gained and arranged in order.Finally,from the two aspects of safety technology and safety management,controlling measures diagram to prevent high-rise building fire is drawn,and specific measures and suggestions are put forward.This study provides a basis for the preventing and controlling of high-rise building fire.