哈尔滨市臭氧时空分布特征及气象要素的关系

利用2015~2018年哈尔滨市臭氧（O₃）监测数据,与其他典型城市进行对比,详细分析了哈尔滨市O₃的时间和空间分布特征,及其与气象要素的关系。结果表明：哈尔滨市2015~2018年O₃污染程度比北上广及长春,沈阳,大连等城市轻;哈尔滨市O₃污染具有明显的季节特征,春夏季O₃超标率大于秋冬季;月变化趋势呈现倒“U”型,O₃高值集中在5~7月;日变化为单峰分布,在13：00~15：00时浓度维持在全天高值; O₃浓度表现为“周末效应”,工作日O₃浓度略高于周末;空间分布特征表明：哈尔滨市外围郊区O₃浓度普遍高于内围市区;在O₃污染高发的5~7月,太阳辐射强度在800~1200W/m²、气温越高、风速越大和相对湿度越小,O₃超标率越高。

Temporal and spatial distribution characteristics of ozone and its relationship with meteorological factors in Harbin

Based on monitoring data of ozone (O₃) from 2015 to 2018 in Harbin and other typical cities, this study analyzed the temporal and spatial distribution characteristics of O₃ in Harbin, and its relationship with meteorological factors. The O₃ pollution in Harbin was less than that in Beijing, Shanghai, Guangzhou, Changchun, Shenyang and Dalian from 2015 to 2018. O₃ pollution in Harbin had obvious seasonal patterns, that the O₃ over-standard rate in spring and summer was higher than the rate in autumn and winter. The monthly variation showed an inverted "U" type, with the O₃ high values concentrated in May, June and July. The daily variation of O₃ concentration showed a single peak distribution, that high concentration occurred from 13:00 to 15:00. A "weekend effect" was observed, that the O₃ concentration on working days was slightly higher than that during weekends. Spatial distribution characteristics showed that the O₃ concentration in the peripheral areas and counties of Harbin was generally higher than that in the inner city center. From May to July when O₃ pollution occurred frequently, the solar radiation intensity was 800~1200W/m², and the O₃ excessive rate is tightly associated with high air temperature, high wind speed and low relative humidity.