生物炭复合菌剂促进堆肥腐熟及氮磷保留

为减少堆肥的氮素损失并提升磷素有效性，通过堆肥试验研究了添加生物炭复合菌剂对猪粪堆肥腐熟度及氮磷保留的影响.结果表明，在42d堆肥中，对照（CK）、生物炭（B）、菌剂（M）和生物炭菌剂（BM）4个处理组均达到了畜禽粪便无害化卫生要求标准.BM处理组的NH₃和N₂O释放累积量为2.36和0.93g，显著低于CK（8.01和1.31g），且总氮含量达23.78g/kg，显著高于CK（18.36g/kg）.堆肥结束时，CK、B、M和BM处理的TP含量分别为16.41，17.16， 18.51及19.16g/kg，且BM组OP含量增加77.60%，显著高于CK（50.66%）.堆肥后，磷素有效性增加，并以M和BM的变化趋势最为显著，各处理的缓效磷和有效磷所占比例加合顺序为：BM（42.94%） > M（39.80%） > B（37.29%） > CK（31.51%）.研究表明，生物炭复合菌剂在促进堆肥腐熟和氮磷保留中具有良好的效果.

Biochar carried microbial solution promotes compost maturity and nitrogen,phosphorus conservation

In order to reduce nitrogen loss and increase phosphorus availability, a set of manure composting experiments, control treatment (CK), biochar (B), microbial solution (M), and biochar combined with microbial solution (BM), were conducted to study their effects on compost maturity and N and P conservation. The results showed that all four treatments satisfied the required sanitation standards of the manure compost. The accumulated emission amount of NH₃ and N₂O in treatment BM were 2.36 and 0.93g, respectively, which were significantly lower than that in CK (8.01 and 1.31g). In addition, the total N content was 23.78g/kg in treatment BM, which was significantly higher than that in CK (18.36g/kg). The TP contents in treatments of CK, B, M, and BM at the end of composting were 16.41, 17.16, 18.51, and 19.16g/kg, respectively. Moreover, the OP content was increased by 77.60% in BM, which was significantly higher than that in CK (50.66%). After composting, the P availability increased especially for the treatments of M and BM, and the sequence of the total proportion of moderately available P and easily available P was in the order of: BM (42.94%) > M (39.80%) > B (37.29%) > CK (31.51%). This study showed biochar combined with microbial solution additions could have great effects on improving compost maturity, N and P conservation.