南水北调中线水源区生态环境变化分析研究

南水北调中线水源区生态环境情况直接关系南水北调中线工程的水质安全。采用遥感监测技术，根据南水北调中线水源区2000年和2013年的生态环境监测结果，对比分析了整个水源区土地覆被、水土流失、土壤侵蚀等变化情况，从宏观上评价水源区生态环境状况，为有关部门制定相关政策提供参考。研究结果表明，在十多年中，水源区森林覆盖率提高，农田面积比例明显下降，水土流失面积减少，水源区生态环境总体上呈趋向变好的态势。随着农村人口向沿江地带城镇集中，在进一步加强山地植被保护的同时，要进一步重视和加强沿江地带的生态环境保护工作

ANALYSIS OF ECOLOGICAL ENVIRONMENT CHANGE ON WATERSHED OF THE MIDDLE ROUTE OF SOUTH-NORTH WATER DIVERSION PROJECT

With the rapid development of society and economy, soil and water loss gradually become the main ecological environment problems in China, the development of which is tremendously affected by the conditions of the regional land cover changes. In order to understand the rule of soil erosion, determine the ways of prevention and set up important methods and goals, “3s” technique was applied to dynamic monitor land cover and soil erosion changes, which is able to timely and accurately grasp the soil erosion situation. The middle route of South to North Water Diversion Project is the important part of a large scale inter basin water diversion project in China. With the gradual implementation of the water diversion project, the watershed area is increasingly widespread concerned in the community, and its strategic position and ecological niches draw more special and important attentions. Therefore, the objective understanding of soil erosion status in the entire study area and mastering the implementation of the measures in watershed area can provide a scientific basis for policy research to protect water quality and ecological environment of the watershed area.The ecological environment condition on watershed of the middle route of South to North Water Diversion Project directly concerns the water quality. This study analysed the changes of land cover，soil erosion, etc., using remote sensing monitoring technology in the range of the whole watershed area to evaluate the ecological environment condition from a macro scale point, according to the land cover results of 2000 and 2013. This research shows that during over ten years，not only the rate of forest has improved but also the rate of farmland has obviously decreased. Moreover, the area of soil erosion has gradually reduced，and the ecological environment condition of the watershed tend to be better. As the rural population concentrating in the area along the river strip，it is suggested that more attention should be paid on ecological environment protection along the river strip and further plant protection around the hills and mountains. Monitoring results showed good posture tends of the overall ecological environment in the South to north water diversion project area from 2000 to 2013.