基于CVM的荆州市稻田生态系统的景观休闲旅游价值评价

采用条件价值评估法（Contingent Valuation Method，CVM）调查了荆州市居民对稻田生态系统景观休闲旅游功能的认知程度和支付意愿，对受访者的社会经济特征与支付意愿进行了相关性分析，并对荆州市稻田景观休闲旅游功能的价值进行了货币化评估。结果表明，居民对稻田景观休闲旅游功能的认知程度很低，对其十分了解的仅占3.5%，并且更侧重于旅游这一目的，达到61.1%。同时，78.7%的受访者认为稻田景观休闲旅游是赋有乡愁情感的。对影响受访者支付意愿的诸多因素进行相关性分析显示，稻田景观休闲旅游功能的支付意愿与受访者的文化程度（P=0.000）和月收入（P=0.004）呈极显著正相关。运用Logistic回归分析得出，文化程度对支付意愿的敏感性较大。按人均支付意愿计算，荆州市稻田生态系统景观休闲旅游的总价值约为4.43亿元

EVALUATION OF LANDSCAPE,LEISURE AND TOURISM VALUE OF PADDY FIELD IN JINGZHOU BY THE CONTINGENT VALUATION METHOD

The ecosystem of paddy field not only serves function of food production, but also the functions of landscape，leisure and tourism. As an important part of the total ecosystem services of paddy field, the value of landscape, leisure and tourism of paddy field should not be ignored. Revealing this value of paddy field can be a good reference for making policies on paddy field protection and utilization. To evaluate the landscape，leisure and tourism value of paddy field in Jingzhou city, the Contingent Valuation Method (CVM) was used to be associated with a questionnaire. In this study, 500 respondents were surveyed by random sampling method, and 489 valid questionnaires were recovered. In these 489 respondents, the percentages of men and women respondents were 542% and 458%, respectively, and 591% of the respondents were 25 to 55 years old. 663% of the respondents come from urban. Moreover, around 46.4% of respondents had ever received education in university or college, and around 378% of respondents had income levels of 2 000 to 3 000 Yuan per month. This survey indicated that respondents who know the landscape and leisure tourism function of paddy field ecosystem was only 35%. But 738% of respondents would like to pay for the landscape，leisure and tourism value of paddy field. Further, 61.1% of respondents considered that the traveling is their fundamental purpose. At the same time, 787% of respondents believed the landscape, leisure and tourism function of paddy field was endowed with nostalgic feelings. Correlation analysis showed that the willingness to pay (WTP) for landscape，leisure and tourism function of paddy field ecosystem was significantly correlated with the education level (P=0000) and monthly income (P=0004) of respondents, and was not affected by sexuality (P=0065), age (P=0053), living place (P=0968) and occupation (P=0415) of respondents. By stepwise regression analysis, we found that the WTP was significantly correlated with the education level (P=0000) and monthly income (P=0004) of respondents. Calculated by CVM, the mean value of WTP of respondents is 17851 yuan per year, and the total value of landscape，leisure and tourism of paddy field in Jingzhou is 443 million yuan per year, accounting for 0.80% of total output of Jingzhou. Thus, the paddy field ecosystem has great potential values, and protecting the paddy field will create enormous value