Biological nitrogen and carbon removal in a gravity flow biomass concentrator reactor for municipal sewage treatment |
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Authors: | Daniel Scott Taira Hidaka Pablo Campo Eric Kleiner Makram T Suidan Albert D Venosa |
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Institution: | 1. School of Energy, Environmental, Biological and Medical Engineering, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, OH 45221, USA;2. NRMRL USEPA, Cincinnati, OH 45268, USA;3. Faculty of Engineering and Architecture, American University of Beirut, Dean’s Office, P.O. Box 11-0236, Riad El Solh 1107 2020, Beirut, Lebanon;4. Department of Environmental Engineering, Kyoto University, Kyoto-Daigaku-Katsura, Nishikyo-ku, Kyoto 615-8540, Japan |
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Abstract: | A novel membrane system, the Biomass Concentrator Reactor (BCR), was evaluated as an alternative technology for the treatment of municipal wastewater. Because the BCR is equipped with a membrane whose average poresize is 20 μm (18–28 μm), the reactor requires low-pressure differential to operate (gravity). The effectiveness of this system was evaluated for the removal of carbon and nitrogen using two identical BCRs, identified as conventional and hybrid, that were operated in parallel. The conventional reactor was operated under full aerobic conditions (i.e., organic carbon and ammonia oxidation), while the hybrid reactor incorporated an anoxic zone for nitrate reduction as well as an aerobic zone for organic carbon and ammonia oxidation. Both reactors were fed synthetic wastewater at a flow rate of 71 L d?1, which resulted in a hydraulic retention time of 9 h. In the case of the hybrid reactor, the recycle flow from the aerobic zone to the anoxic zone was twice the feed flow rate. Reactor performance was evaluated under two solids retention times (6 and 15 d). Under these conditions, the BCRs achieved nearly 100% mixed liquor solids separation with a hydraulic head differential of less than 2.5 cm. The COD removal efficiency was over 90%. Essentially complete nitrification was achieved in both systems, and nitrogen removal in the hybrid reactor was close to the expected value (67%). |
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