固-液异相催化剂在环境科学领域中的应用

异相催化是催化反应的重要组成部分，其应用十分广泛。固一液异相催化作为环境科学领域中的一项比较新颖的技术，在研究污染物在多介质环境中的迁移转化行为、开发受污染环境修复及污废水处理新技术等诸多方面都具有很大的发展潜力。因此，对不同类型固一液异相催化剂在环境科学领域的应用研究逐渐成为国内外环境科学领域的研究热点之一。其中，金属和金属氧化物因对某些氧化一还原反应具有较好的催化作用，在饮用水脱氮、污废水脱卤及深度氧化处理等水处理领域的应用较为广泛；固态酸催化剂能催化聚合、裂化、水解反应，因此与某些有机污染物的降解密切相关；将同相催化剂固定化为异相催化剂，同样成为新技术开发的方向之一；天然催化剂对污染物在多介质环境中行为影响的研究近年来也屡有发表。此外，载体因对催化剂的活性及应用具有重要影响，也日益受到关注。文章对环境科学领域中固一液异相催化剂的应用研究进行了综述。

Application of solid-liquid heterogeneous catalysts in environmental science

Heterogeneous catalysis is an important part of catalysis reaction which has been applied widely. Solid-liquid heterogene-ous catalysis, which has been applied as a novel technique in the field of environmental science, bears great potential in research of transformation and transfer of contaminants in multi-media environment, and development of new technologies in remediation of polluted environmental and wastewater treatment. Hence, recently, studies on the application of the different kinds of solid-liquid catalysts in environmental science have become one of the hotspots in environmental science field. Among the solid-liquid catalysts, metal and metal oxides have good catalysis capability for redox reactions, and hence have been applied widely in water treatment such as denitrogenation of drinking water, dehalogenation of wastewater, or advanced oxidation treatment technique. Solid acid catalysts can catalyze some polymerization, cracking, or hydrolysis reactions, which is relative to the degradation of certain organic pollutants. Immobilizing homogeneous catalysts to heterogeneous ones, and effect of natural catalysts on the fate of pollutants in multi-media environment, also become new directions of this field. Immobilization support has also drawn much attention these years because of their enhancement on capability of catalysts. This paper reviewed the applications of solid-liquid heterogeneous catalysts in environmental field.