我国固体废弃物监管模式建设对策初探

我国固体废弃物的产生量在迅速增加,成为制约社会经济持续发展的瓶颈问题。通过研究与固废相关的国际公约,比较发达国家之间不同的固废监管模式,并指出我国现行的监管模式存在责任不当、职责不清等问题。在借鉴发达国家先进经验基础上,提出我国可借助《巴塞尔公约》等国际公约来约束固废的跨界转移,从源头开始控制固废的产生,并控制固体废物的转移运输,加强固废监管能力建设,健全法律体系,加强监管协调,采用市场手段、宣传手段,让社会企业参与政府部门的固废管理和组织工作,把固废回收、处理的责任从政府转移到具体的企业上,降低处理成本,提高处理技术。

Study on the Construction Measures of Solid Waste Management Mode in China

The solid waste of which output is increasing rapidly has become the constraint of socio-economic sustainable development.This paper introduces the international covenant of solid waste and compares different management of solid waste between the developed countries,and discusses the current internal management mode of solid waste,of which the function and responsibility is unclear.As the advanced experience of developed countries has been learned,it advance that Basel Convention could be made use of controlling solid waste transferability,and the solid waste should be controlled from the source of producing.The legal system should be improved to strengthen the ability of solid waste management,and the enterprises should join into solid waste management of the government,transferring the responsibility from government to the enterprises,which could reduce disposal cost and improve techniques.