压力容器气体非稳态泄漏模型研究

为计算气体在非稳态泄漏过程中的泄漏率,提高危害后果评估的量化水平,对压力容器失效后气体泄漏过程进行了研究。基于现有的初始泄漏率模型,结合实际泄漏过程中压力容器内各项状态参数的动态变化规律,构建气体非稳态泄漏模型,并通过计算实例进行分析和验证。结果表明,该模型可计算压力容器气体非稳态泄漏过程中(包括音速泄漏阶段和亚音速泄漏阶段)任意时刻容器内的各项状态参数值和孔口处气体的平均泄漏率;同时,对于储存压力较高(大于3.0 MPa)的容器,提出近似计算总平均泄漏率的2种简化方法。

Non-steady-state Gas Leakage Model for Pressure Vessel Failure

The gas leakage process after pressure vessel failure was researched in order to calculate the gas leakage rate during a non-steady-state leakage and improve the quantification level of consequence assessment.Based on the model of initial instantaneous flow rate and the dynamic variation of the state parameters in the vessel,a non-steady-state leakage model was built.Then,the model was further analyzed and testified in a case.The results show that using the proposed model,the state parameters and average leakage rate could be obtained at any time during the overall unsteady-state release process(including both sonic release period and subsonic release period).Furthermore,two simplified methods for calculating average leakage rate were worked out for high pressure(higher than 3.0 MPa) vessels.