基于CFD仿真的炮口制退器性能影响因素研究

目的 在降低火炮后坐力的同时，保证炮手区域超压和温度符合要求。方法 利用流体仿真软件进行炮口流场的数值模拟，对制退器性能影响因素进行仿真分析。根据分析结果，得到改进后的制退器模型，并进行仿真和试验对比。结果 加装侧孔外反射挡板和侧孔倾斜对制退器性能的影响较大，并随角度的变化而变化，加装吹孔能有效降低炮后超压和温度。改进后，制退器的效率提升8.33%，炮后超压值平均降低44.10 kPa，炮后温度值平均降低358.28 K。结论 改进后的制退器具有更高的制退效率以及较低的炮后超压值和温度值。

Influencing Factors of Muzzle Brake Performance Based on CFD Simulation

The work aims to reduce the recoil of the gun while ensuring that the overpressure and temperature in the gunner''s area meet the requirements. A numerical simulation of the muzzle flow field was carried out by fluid simulation software. The influencing factors of brake performance were simulated and analyzed. According to the analysis results, the improved brake model was obtained, and the simulation and experiment were compared. The results showed that the performance of the brake was most affected by the side hole external reflection baffle and the side hole inclination, and this impact varied with changes in the angles. The overpressure and temperature behind the muzzle were reduced effectively by installing the blow hole. The efficiency of the improved brake was increased by 8.33%. The overpressure behind the muzzle was decreased by 44.10 kPa on average. And the temperature behind the muzzle was decreased by 358.28 K on average. It is proved that the improved brake has higher efficiency and lower overpressure and temperature behind the muzzle.