Assessment of exposure to PCB 153 from breast feeding and normal food intake in individual children using a system approach model |
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| Institution: | 1. Department of Nutritional Sciences, University of Michigan School of Public Health, Ann Arbor, MI, USA;2. Center for Human Growth and Development, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA;3. Department of Epidemiology, University of Michigan School of Public Health, Ann Arbor, MI, USA;4. Department of Environmental Health Sciences, University of Michigan School of Public Health, Ann Arbor, MI, USA;5. Dalla Lana School of Public Health, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, M5T 3M7, Canada;6. Center for Research on Nutrition and Health, National Institute of Public Health, Cuernavaca, Morelos, Mexico;7. Department of Cariology, Operative Dentistry and Dental Public Health, Indiana University School of Dentistry, Indianapolis, IN, USA;1. Departments of Medical Psychology, Amsterdam University Medical Centers, the Netherlands;2. Psychosocial Department, Emma Children''s Hospital/Amsterdam University Medical Centers, the Netherlands;3. Department of Neonatology, Amsterdam University Medical Centers, the Netherlands;1. LaTrobe University, Victoria, Australia;2. Murdoch Childrens Research Institute, Victoria, Australia;3. University of Melbourne, Victoria, Australia;4. Royal Women''s Hospital, Victoria, Australia;5. Universite Laval, Quebec, Canada |
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| Abstract: | Investigators have typically relied on a single or few discrete time points as measures of polychlorinated biphenyl (PCB) body burden, however health effects are more likely to be the result of integrative exposure in time, optionally expressed as an area under the time curve (AUC) of PCB serum concentration. Using data from a subgroup of 93 infants from a birth cohort in eastern Slovakia—a region highly polluted by PCBs—we fit a system type model, customized to our longitudinal measures of serum PCB concentrations in cord, 6, 16, and 45 month blood specimens. The most abundant congener, PCB 153, was chosen for modeling purposes. In addition to currently used methods of exposure assessment, our approach estimates a concentration time profile for each subject, taking into account mean residence time of PCB 153 molecules in the body, duration of breast feeding, hypothetical PCB 153 concentration in steady-state without breast feeding and alternately without normal food intake. Hypothetical PCB 153 concentration in steady-state without normal food intake correlates with AUC (r = 0.84, p < 0.001) as well as with duration of breast feeding (r = 0.64, p < 0.001). It makes possible to determine each subject’s exposure profile expressed as AUC of PCBs serum concentration with a minimum model parameters. PCB body burden in most infants was strongly associated with duration of breast feeding in most, but not all children, was apparent from model output. |
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