Assessment of biomass residue availability and bioenergy yields in Ghana |
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| Institution: | 1. Department of Agricultural Engineering, KNUST, Kumasi, Ghana;2. Department of Chemical and Biochemical Engineering, Technical University of Denmark, DTU, DK-2800 Kongens Lyngby, Denmark;3. Department of Chemical Engineering, Kumasi Polytechnic, Kumasi, Ghana;4. Department of Chemical Engineering, KNUST, Kumasi, Ghana;1. Università degli Studi di Ferrara, Ferrara, Italy;2. Kempten University of Applied Sciences, Kempten, Germany;3. Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT), Karlsruhe, Germany;4. Università degli Studi di Parma, Parma, Italy;1. Laboratory of Research Applied to Renewable Energy (LRAER), University of Nouakchott Al Aasriya (UNA), Nouakchott, Mauritania;2. Department of Electrical Engineering, Ecole Supérieur Polytechnique (ESP), Nouakchott, Mauritania;3. Department of Environmental Engineering, Faculty of Civil Engineering, Yildiz Technical University, Davutpasa Campus, 34220, Esenler, Istanbul, Turkey;4. Center of Studies and Research on Renewable Energies (CERER), Cheikh Anta Diop University, Dakar, Senegal;1. Engineering Faculty, UNESP – Univ Estadual Paulista, Campus of Guaratinguetá, Department of Electrical Engineering, Av. Ariberto P. da Cunha, 333, Guaratinguetá, SP 12510410, Brazil;2. National University of Mar del Plata – UNMdP, Engineering Faculty, Av. Juan B. Justo 4302, Mar del Plata, BsAs 7630, Argentina;3. Engineering Faculty, UNESP- Univ Estadual Paulista, Campus of Guaratinguetá, Department of Mechanical Engineering, Av. Ariberto P. da Cunha, 333, Guaratinguetá, SP 12510410, Brazil;1. Agroenergía Ingeniería Genética S.A. Inc., Almirante Lynch 1179, 8920033, San Miguel, Santiago, Chile;2. Laboratory of Bioenergy and Environmental Biotechnology, Department of Environmental Sciences and Natural Resources, Faculty of Agricultural Sciences, University of Chile, Santa Rosa 11.315, 8820808, La Pintana, Santiago, Chiles;1. University of Calabria, Department of Mechanical, Energy and Management Engineering, Via P. Bucci - Cubo 46?C, I-87036 Arcavacata di Rende, Cosenza, Italy;2. Mediterranean University of Reggio Calabria, Department AGRARIA, Loc. Feo di Vito, I-89122 Reggio Calabria, Italy;1. Energy Conservation Laboratory, Department of Energy, School of Engineering, Tezpur University, Tezpur 784028, Assam, India;2. School of Chemical and Biomedical Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore 639798, Singapore |
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| Abstract: | Biomass is an important renewable energy source that holds large potential as feedstock for the production of different energy carriers in a context of sustainable development, peak oil and climate change. In developing countries, biomass already supplies the bulk of energy services and future use is expected to increase with more efficient applications, such as the production of biogas and liquid biofuels for cooking, transportation and the generation of power. The aim of this study is to establish the amount of Ghana's energy demand that can be satisfied by using the country's crop residues, animal manure, logging residues and municipal waste. The study finds that the technical potential of bioenergy from these sources is 96 PJ in 2700 Mm3 of biogas or 52 PJ in 2300 ML of cellulosic ethanol. The biogas potential is sufficient to replace more than a quarter of Ghana's present woodfuel use. If instead converted to cellulosic ethanol, the estimated potential is seven times the estimated 336 ML of biofuels needed to achieve the projected 10% biofuels blends at the national level in 2020. Utilizing the calculated potentials involves a large challenge in terms of infrastructure requirements, quantified to hundreds of thousands of small-scale plants. |
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| Keywords: | Biomass Bioenergy Biogas Cellulosic ethanol Ghana |
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