Environmental impacts of different food waste resource technologies and the effects of energy mix |
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| Institution: | 1. School of Environment, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, China;2. Department of Science and Environmental Studies, The Hong Kong Institute of Education, Hong Kong;1. Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Hong Kong, China;2. Faculty of Science and Technology, Technological and Higher Education Institute of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China;1. Water and Environmental Engineering, Lund University, Kemicentrum, Box 124, 210 00 Lund, Sweden;2. SAGE/COPPE, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil;1. Department of Sustainable Organic Chemistry and Technology (Research Group Envoc), Faculty of Bioscience Engineering, Ghent University, Belgium;2. Department of Food Safety and Food Quality, Faculty of Bioscience Engineering, Ghent University, Belgium;1. State Key Joint Laboratory of Environmental Simulation and Pollution Control, School of Environment, Tsinghua University, Beijing 10084, China;2. AECOM Asia CO Ltd, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region;1. NUS Environmental Research Institute, National University of Singapore, 1 Create Way, Create Tower, #15-02, Singapore 138602, Singapore;2. Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, National University of Singapore, 4 Engineering Drive 4, Singapore 117585, Singapore;3. Institute of Refrigeration and Cryogenics, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Key Laboratory of Power Mechanical Engineering, 800 Dongchuan Road, Shanghai 200240, China |
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| Abstract: | The environmental impacts of food waste management strategies and the effects of energy mix were evaluated using a life cycle assessment model, EASEWASTE. Three different strategies involving landfill, composting and combined digestion and composting as core technologies were investigated. The results indicate that the landfilling of food waste has an obvious impact on global warming, although the power recovery from landfill gas counteracts some of this. Food waste composting causes serious acidification (68.0 PE) and nutrient enrichment (76.9 PE) because of NH3 and SO2 emissions during decomposition. Using compost on farmland, which can marginally reduce global warming (?1.7 PE), acidification (?0.8 PE), and ecotoxicity and human toxicity through fertilizer substitution, also leads to nutrient enrichment as neutralization of emissions from N loss (27.6 PE) and substitution (?12.8 PE). A combined digestion and composting technology lessens the effects of acidification (?12.2 PE), nutrient enrichment (?5.7 PE), and global warming (?7.9 PE) mainly because energy is recovered efficiently, which decreases emissions including SO2, Hg, NOx, and fossil CO2 during normal energy production. The change of energy mix by introducing more clean energy, which has marginal effects on the performance of composting strategy, results in apparently more loading to acidification and nutrient enrichment in the other two strategies. These are mainly because the recovered energy can avoid fewer emissions than before due to the lower background values in power generation. These results provide quantitative evidence for technical selection and pollution control in food waste management. |
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| Keywords: | EASEWASTE Life cycle assessment Food waste Composting Anaerobic digestion Energy mix |
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