土地利用结构优化研究综述

从系统分析的观点出发总结了目前土地利用结构优化模型，包括模型的发展回顾、建模方法和建模的步骤等。土地利用结构优化以建模理论进行划分，可分为：基于适宜性评价理论的优化模型、基于景观生态学理论的优化模型和基于复杂适应系统理论的优化模型；以建模的方法划分，可分为：线性模型和非线性模型。通过优化模型建立的方法对线性规划模型、多目标规划模型、灰色线性规划模型和系统动力学模型进行归纳。在此基础上概括出基于GIS的土地利用结构优化的两种模型：以数量优化和适宜性评价为核心的空间配置优化模型和以元胞自动机模拟演化为核心的优化模型，归纳出空间优化配置模型的建模步骤：预处理、数量优化、空间优化、评价结果4个步骤；元胞自动机演化模型的建模步骤：系统定义、系统抽象、模型实现、方法验证、模型校正和应用6个步骤，并针对模型的优缺点进行评价。指出作为土地资源可持续利用的有效手段，以元胞自动机模型为核心的多模型耦合和系统集成的土地利用优化模式将会是今后土地利用结构优化的发展趋势。

LAND UTILIZATION STRUCTURE OPTIMIZATION——AN OVERVIEW

This paper represented a comprehensive literature review on the different models for land utilization structure optimization,and summarized various perspectives such as the history method,procedure,the model development and modeling method.According to the modeling theory,model of land utilization structure optimization could be classified as adaptability evaluation model,landscape ecology model and complexity adaptive system(CAS)model.Based on the method,modeling optimization could also be classified as linear and nonlinear.In addition to these two branches of methods were also summarized,mathematical methods,which involve linear programming model,multi objective programming model and grey linear programming model.System dynamics model,spatial optimization model which are based on GIS techniques were summarized respectively.Then two models,the spatial configuration optimization model based on quantitative and adaptability evaluation,and the CA evolution model,were concluded.Further four steps to build a spatial optimization configuration model,which are pretreatment,quantitative optimization,spatial optimization,and result evaluation were summarized.To build a CA optimization model,six steps were needed,including defining,abstracting,implementation,verification,correction,and application.The advantages and disadvantages of these models were assessed.Finally,it was addressed that the CA cored multi model coupling and systemic integration optimization are the inevitable development direction for land utilization structure optimization in the future.〖