重庆市空中水资源平衡状况

利用1987～2006年重庆及其周边地区11个探空站的高空资料，分析了重庆地区各边界的水汽通量输送的特征。结果表明：重庆地区年平均整个层次各边界总的净水汽通量是正值，有净水汽流入重庆地区，其中在地面至850 hPa有最大净水汽输出，在700～500 hPa有最大净水汽输入。就季节变化而言，夏季和冬季有净水汽汇聚在重庆，而春季和秋季有净水汽流出重庆地区。重庆地区净水汽输入主要是南边界和西边界，北边界与东边界均是水汽输出边界。重庆地区年平均东边界和北边界水汽流出的减少趋势大于南边界和西边界水汽流入的减少趋势，导致年平均净水汽通量呈增加趋势。另外，春季和冬季净水汽通量呈下降趋势，而夏季和秋季净水汽通量呈上升趋势。〖

WATER VAPOR RESOURCES BALANCE IN CHONGQING

On the basis of sounding data at 11 stations from 1987 to 2006 in Chongqing and its surrounding area,the characteristics of the water vapor flux transport from various boundaries of Chongqing were analyzed. The results showed that the average net budget of water vapor flux in total layers over Chongqing was positive, and there was net water vapor inflow into Chongqing. The net budget of water vapor flux had the largest outflow in the layer between ground and 850hPa and the largest inflow in the layer between 700 and 500 hPa. There was inflow of net water vapor over Chongqing in summer and winter, while there was outflow of net water vapor over Chongqing in spring and autumn. The water vapor over Chongqing mainly came from the inflow of the western and the southern boundary and effused through the eastern and the northern boundary. The net water vapor flux over Chongqing decreased in spring and winter, but increased in summer and autumn in the past 20 years.〖