Informing ecological engineering through ecological network analysis,ecological modelling,and concepts of systems and engineering ecology |
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| Affiliation: | 1. Department of Biological and Agricultural Engineering, The University of Georgia, Athens, GA 30602-4435, USA;2. Faculty of Engineering, The University of Georgia, Athens, GA 30605, USA;3. Institute for Environmental and Spatial Analysis, Gainesville State College, Gainesville, GA, USA;1. VTT Technical Research Centre of Finland, P.O. Box 1300, 33101 Tampere, Finland;2. Tampere University of Technology, Korkeakoulunkatu 6, 33720 Tampere, Finland;1. CSIRO Ecosystem Sciences, PMB 2, Glen Osmond, SA 5064, Australia;2. Faculty of Business, Charles Sturt University, Panorama Avenue, Bathurst, NSW 2795, Australia;3. CSIRO Ecosystem Sciences, 41 Boggo Road, Dutton Park, QLD 4102, Australia;4. Discipline of Anthropology and Development Studies, University of Adelaide, North Terrace, Adelaide, SA 5005, Australia;1. Programa Magíster en Pesquerías, Universidad de Concepción, Chile;2. Laboratorio de Oceanografía Pesquera y Ecología Larval, Departamento de Oceanografía & Programa COPAS Sur-Austral, Universidad de Concepción, Concepción, Chile;3. Laboratorio de Geoquímica Orgánica Marina, Departamento de Oceanografía & Programa COPAS Sur-Austral, Universidad de Concepción, Chile;1. Limnologie sarl, 16 rue Paul Langevin, Rennes 35200, France;2. EHESP Rennes, Sorbonne Paris Cité, Avenue du Professeur Léon Bernard, CS 74312, Rennes Cedex 35043, France;3. Inserm, U 1085-IRSET, LERES, Paris, France |
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| Abstract: | A shift in the basic philosophy of nature developed by Francis Bacon, Renè Descartes, and Isaac Newton, has been suggested but for the most part rejected within mainstream science. It suggests the need for viewing nature as a deeply organic and connected system of relationships that is not necessarily or readily submissive to reductive thinking and analysis. Ecosystem design within the construct of a field called ecological engineering poses fundamental questions with respect to the philosophy of nature upon which our current scientific paradigm is predominantly based. In an effort to foster development of rigorous, quantitative methods for developing insight into complex ecosystem phenomena we propose systems and engineering ecology—an integrated science comprised of principles from environ theory, ascendency theory, exergy theory, emergy theory, ecological network analysis and ecological modelling, synthesized through the formal agency of systems science. We contend that ecological engineering will be limited in its robustness apart from development of rigorous systems-based sciences that are quantitative and incorporate the complex, emergent properties of ecosystem. We justify our proposed framework on the philosophical paradox of transferring aspects of traditional engineering design into ecological engineering and on the four causes of Aristotle. |
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