Surface iron ore mining in eastern India and local level sustainability |
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| Institution: | 1. Department of Mining Engineering, Bengal Engineering and Science University, Shibpur, P.O. Botanical Gardens, Howrah, West Bengal 711103, India;2. Economics Department, Jadavpur University, Kolkata 700032, India;3. Department of Humanities, Bengal Engineering and Science University, Shibpur, India;1. Associate Unit CSIC – University of Huelva “Atmospheric Pollution”, Center for Research in Sustainable Chemistry – CIQSO, University of Huelva, Huelva, Spain;2. Department of Geology, Faculty of Experimental Sciences, University of Huelva, Huelva, Spain;3. Department of Chemistry and Science of Materials, Faculty of Experimental Sciences, University of Huelva, Huelva, Spain;4. Agrifood Campus of International Excellence CEIA3, Spain;5. Campus of International Excellence of the Sea CEIMAR, Spain;1. Kadir Has University, Kadir Has Street, Cibali, 34083 Istanbul, Turkey;2. Institute of Energy Economics, University of Cologne, Vogelsanger Str. 321a, 50827 Cologne, Germany;3. Turkish Coal Enterprises (TKI), Hipodrom Cad. No. 12, Yenimahalle 06330, Ankara, Turkey;1. Department of Mining Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur, Kharagpur-721302, India;2. The INCLEN Trust International, Okhla Industrial Area, Phase-I, New Delhi-110020, India;3. Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Faculty of Engineering and Physical Sciences (FEPS), University of Surrey, Guildford GU2 7XH, United Kingdom;4. Environmental Flow (EnFlo) Research Centre, FEPS, University of Surrey, Guildford GU2 7XH, United Kingdom;1. School of Land Science and Technology, China University of Geosciences, Beijing 100083, China;2. School of Earth & Environment, University of Leeds, Leeds LS2 9JT, UK;3. Key Lab of Land Consolidation, Ministry of Land and Resources of the PRC, Beijing 100035, China |
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| Abstract: | Mining often brings certain irreversible changes to the surrounding environment. Different types of natural resources mostly surround the mines. Degradation of natural resources around the active mining zone may adversely affect the local economy. After cessation of mining operations local people may no longer be able to sustain their livelihood from the surrounding degraded natural resource; there are chances that the economy of the region will be shattered. The paper deals with this problem of local level sustainability of iron ore mining in eastern India. This problem is examined in the light of different theories of sustainability and national policies. By using household survey data, sustainability of iron ore mining in this region is tested. Substitution of depleting natural capital with other forms of capital can promote long-term sustainability of the local economy. This necessitates certain policy interventions to induce the mine operators to reinvest some part of their resource rent in the natural capital of the region. |
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