有机氯农药和多溴联苯醚在白洋淀鸭子组织中分布特征研究

利用气相色谱-质谱(GC/MS)方法定量分析了白洋淀鸭子肌肉、肝脏、脑组织中HCHs、DDTs和PBDEs的分布特征.结果表明,3种组织中HCHs和DDTs的含量范围分别为0.9～5.0 ng/g(以湿重计,下同)和0.3～2.8 ng/g,而PBDEs的含量范围是0.03～0.65 ng/g.统计分析鸭子不同组织中持久性卤代烃的含量差异,结果显示,DDTs和PBDEs的含量水平有较大差异(p0.05);而HCHs在3种组织中的含量差异不明显(p0.05).肝脏中DDTs和PBDEs的平均含量较高,分别为2.3和0.37 ng/g.在HCHs和DDTs同系物(代谢物)组成中,β-HCH在肝脏和脑组织中占主要地位,p,p′-DDE是DDTs的主要代谢产物;在PBDEs同系物中,BDE47和BDE99是鸭子组织中主要的组成部分.鸭子不同组织中HCHs、DDTs和PBDEs的组成模式反映了白洋淀仍然受到历史残留的有机氯农药污染;同时,来自白洋淀上游的工业污染很可能输入新型持久性有机污染物(PBDEs).

Distribution Characteristic of Organochlorine Pesticides and Polybrominated Diphenyl Ethers in Tissues of Ducks from Baiyangdian Lake,North China

The concentrations of hexachlorocyclohexane (HCHs), dichlorodiphenyltrichloroethane (DDTs), and polybrominated diphenyl ethers (PBDEs) in muscle, liver and brain of ducks from Baiyangdian Lake were determined by gas chromatography coupled with mass spectrometer (GC/MS). The results showed that the concentrations of HCHs, DDTs and PBDEs in various tissues of ducks were in the range of 0.9-5.0 ng/g wet weight (WW), 0.3-2.8 ng/g (WW) and 0.03-0.65 ng/g (WW), respectively. Statistical analysis indicated that the accumulation of DDTs and PBDEs in muscle, liver and brain was significantly different (p < 0.05), but not with HCHs (p > 0.05). Liver tissues contained the highest DDTs and PBDEs levels, with average concentrations of 2.3 ng/g (WW) and 0.37 ng/g (WW), respectively. Among the HCH isomers and DDT metabolites, beta-HCH was the predominant isomers in liver and brain tissues, and p,p'-DDE was the dominant metabolites of DDTs in various tissues. Among the PBDE congeners, BDE47 and BDE99 were the predominant in various tissues. The different profiles of persistent organohalogen compounds in various tissues of ducks may reflect that the Baiyangdian Lake still subject to the contamination of historically residue for HCHs and DDTs. In addition, the source of PBDEs was partly attributed to the industrial pollution, chemical plants, and sewage discharging.