海洋生态保护红线制度框架设计研究

当前海洋领域各类具有红线特征的管理制度存在非全面性、非可持续性和非权威性的三大弊端,促使我国建立起严格的海洋生态保护红线管理制度。海洋生态保护红线制度体系应具有效力强制、协调可行、差异设计和陆海统筹四大特征,其管制要素应覆盖环境污染敏感性、生态干扰敏感性、资源占用敏感性,其执行主体涉及行为人、监管人和其他利益相关人三方。海洋生态保护红线管理制度的核心体系应包括准入禁入制度、监测监控制度、考核追责制度、经济激励制度等四类制度。

Study on policy frame of marine ecological protection red line

All kinds of current marine ecological protection policies with red line features exist with defects of comprehensiveness, lack of sustainability and unauthoritativeness, which prompts the government to establish strict marine ecological protection red line policy system. Marine ecological protection red line policies should have characteristics of coercion, feasibility, diversity and co-ordination. Regulatory elements should cover environmental pollution sensitivity, ecological disturbance sensitivity, and resource use sensitivity. Execution subjects include feasons, regulators, and stakeholders. Core management system should include access policies, monitoring and control policies, evaluation and accountability policies, economic incentives.