北京主城区人为热排放的时空特征研究

利用源清单法对北京主城区的人为热进行研究，得出不同热源排放总量与时空特征并进行小区验证.结果表明：主城区的人为热年排放总量为1.11×10¹⁸J/a，为太阳辐射总量的8.1%，其中建筑排热占人为热排放的45.3%，交通和工业部分分别占30.1%、20.2%；人为排热总量最大的为朝阳和海淀区，占主城区总量的52.2%，最少的东城和大兴区均占7.7%；主城区平均排放强度为14.55W/m²，最大为西城区82.30W/m²，大兴区仅为2.61W/m²；人为热排放高值区多集中于北二环与北四环内，约为60~100W/m²，少数街道和地区排热在150W/m²以上，最高排热强度272~376W/m²为北京CBD区，人为热结果与遥感反演的地表温度有一定的正相关关系；交通排热的月变化不显著，日变化系数在09：00、18：00左右较高，建筑排热在不同季节不同时刻均有明显差别，出现“双峰”现象，同人们作息规律相一致.

Assessing the spatiotemporal characteristics of anthropogenic heat in Beijing

Anthropogenic heat (AH) emission in Beijing was investigated using the inventory approach. We assessed the total amount of heat emissions and their spatiotemporal characteristics. Results showed that: the total amount of AH emissions in the main zones was 1.11′10¹⁸J/a, accounting for 8.1% of the amount of solar radiation. Building sector contributed to 45.3% of heat emissions, followed by transportation and industrial sectors in the proportion of 30.1%, 20.2%, respectively. The largest amounts of AH emission were located in Chaoyang and Haidian district, accounting for 52.2% of the main zones. The least amount of AH emission was located in Dongcheng and Daxing district (7.7%). The average AH flux of the main zones was 14.55W/m², a maximum (82.30W/m²) in Xicheng and only 2.61W/m² in Daxing. High values of AH flux (60~100W/m²) were concentrated between the northern 4^th ring-road and 2^nd ring-road. The highest AH intensity (272~376W/m²) was located in CBD of Beijing. The positive correlation between the AH fluxes and land surface temperature was quantified to reveal the impact of AH in Beijing. We found that there had no significant variations in monthly transportation AH and the diurnal peaks of transportation AH were at 9:00 and 18:00. The AH of building sectors varied in different seasons and different times, exhibiting the ‘double peak' in a day.