长江三角洲水环境治理

长江三角洲是我国经济最发达的地区之一。社会经济的高速发展,使得该区水资源的需求量加大,污染物排放置增多,水环境恶化,造成水质型缺水并影响该地区的可持续发展,水环境治理迫在眉睫。长江三角洲的主要水问题有洪涝灾害、干旱缺水、水环境恶化三大问题,其中水环境恶化是核心。水环境恶化导致地表水资源供水不足,迫使地下水过量开采,引起地面沉降,加剧了洪涝灾害。长江三角洲水环境恶化久治不见大效并有加剧趋势,主要原因是造成长江三角洲水环境恶化的点源污染虽已基本得到控制,但面源污染、内源污染仍末得到有效的治理。因此,长江三角洲水环境治理应总结过去工作中的经验和教训,以及水污染主要污染源的变化,调整水环境治理和保护的思路。建议改部分治理为整体治理、单项治理为综合治理,并以水环境承载力和水资源承载力观点指导水环境治理和保护,使长江三角洲水资源得到可持续利用。

STRATEGY FOR WATER ENVIRONMENT TREATMENT IN THE YANGTZE DELTA

The Yangtze Delta is one of the most developed regions in China.With the rapid social-economic development,the need for water resources in the Delta has increased.However,the pollutant drainages have also largely increased ,deterioration of water environment in the Delta and water shortage owing to low water quality resulting in.Therefore,the water environment treatment in the Delta has caused great concern.The main water problems in the Yangtze Delta are flood,aridity and water environment,while the water environment has become the key problem.Because of the worse water environment,the lack of surface water resources has occurred.It forced the excessive use of groundwater,and caused the ground to sink.The flood disaster is aggravated.The important reason why water environment in the Delta has been deteriorating is that the area-originated pollution and inner originated pollution are uncontrolled even though the pointed-originated pollution is generally controlled.Obviously,the strategies for water environment treatment in the Delta should be readjusted based on the experiences and for years and the change of the main pollutant sources.The present paper suggests that the thoughts of part-treatment should be changed into that of whole-treatment,the thoughts of single treatment should be changed into comprehensive treatment.Furthermore,the water environment treatment and protection should be supervised by water environment carrying capacity and water resources carrying capacity.Only that can it be sustainable for the water resources use in the Yangtze Delta.