企业碳中和行动的驱动力与模式

碳中和已成为我国气候治理和可持续发展的重要目标。尽管碳中和是国家面向2060年的长期愿景,尚未转换成针对企业的政策约束,但全球很多企业已经快速响应,主动制定自身的碳中和战略。本文从企业环境行为的驱动理论出发,分析了企业做出碳中和承诺的内部和外部驱动因素,论证了企业"化被动为主动"、自主实行碳中和战略,不但有助于在未来更加严格的气候政策规制中获得先机、赢得行业竞争优势、拓宽绿色市场份额、规避可能的经济风险,而且具有体现企业社会责任感、树立良好品牌形象、提升企业创新能力和核心竞争力等积极作用。在此基础上,梳理了能源密集型、资源密集型和高新技术企业的碳中和战略及模式,总结分析了国内企业实现碳中和承诺的机遇和挑战,为国内企业制定零碳发展战略、实现碳中和目标提出了路径建议。

Drivers and modes of corporate carbon neutrality activities

Carbon neutrality has become one significant strategic goal for climate governance and sustainable development.Although carbon neutrality is a long-term development strategy towards 2060 on the national level and have not become policy regulations for corporates,some companies have proactively responded to the strategy and have initiated their own carbon neutrality strategies.This article analyzes the internal and external motivations of corporates"carbon neutrality strategies based on corporate behavior motivation theory.By proactively making carbon neutrality pledges and strategies,companies could potentially gain comparative advantage in the future with stricter climate regulations and therefore gain larger green market share and avoid potential risks.A positive attitude towards sustainablitiy could also establish a responsible image for companies,promote innovation capacity,and enhance core competitiveness for companies.This study also analyzes typical corporates in the energy,manufacturing and high-tech sectors.Based on the analysis,this article summarizes the opportunities and challenges that Chinese companies face,and gives recommendations on how Chinese companies could make their own carbon-neutral development strategy.