溶解性有机质对有机污染物环境行为的影响及其环境意义

DOM是陆地及水生生态系统中十分活跃的组分,是土壤圈与相关圈层物质交换的重要形式,对有机污染物质的毒性、迁移转化以及生物降解性等有着重要影响。文章在论述DOM来源、组成及结构特征的基础上,重点阐述了DOM对有机物的环境行为的影响。DOM主要通过氢键、电荷转移、范德华力、配位体交换、疏水分配、共价键结合、螯舍等增强或抑制有机物在土壤的吸附／解吸、生物有效性,阐述了DOM与有机物结合的两重性;同时,DOM不同组分和分子量大小对有机物环境行为的影响有着较大的差别。

Effects of Dissolved Organic Matter (DOM) on Environmental Behavior of Organic Pollutants and Its Significance for Environment

Dissolved organic matter （DOM） is a very active component in terrestrial and aquatic ecosystems, which plays an important role for exchange of materials between pedosphere and spheres concerned. It affects the toxicity, migration, transformation and biodegradability of organic pollutants. This article reviews its sources, compositions, characteristics, especially its effects on environmental behavior of organic matter. DOM intensifies or inhibits the absorption/desorption, bioavailability of organic matter in soils through hydrogen bond, charge transfer, Van der Waals forces, ligand exchange, hydrophobic partition, covalent bonding, chelation etc. It suggests that the combination of DOM and organic matter has duality. The effects of different constituent and molecular weight on environmental behavior of organic matters are different.