重庆市温室气体排放清单研究与核算

城市化进程所带来的大量能源消费和温室气体排放已成为制约城市健康快速发展的瓶颈因素,亟需进行定量核算和分析。开展温室气体清单研究对节能减排和低碳城市建设具有重要的理论和实践意义。本文以重庆市为案例,通过清单方法分析主要温室气体排放源和碳汇,考虑主要能源活动、工业、废弃物处置、农业、畜牧业、湿地过程和林业碳汇,核算排放总量和强度,剖析重庆温室气体排放结构和现状。结果显示:1997-2008年重庆市温室气体排放总量呈现出上升趋势,2008年比1997年增长了2.31倍,其中增长幅度较大的是一次能源消费过程、外购电力和工业非能源过程。此外,随着温室气体排放量的增加,单位产值温室气体排放量却呈现下降的趋势,反映重庆市温室气体排放控制取得了一定效果。最后根据重庆市温室气体排放结果进行分析,提出了改变能源结构和工业结构、提高能效和加强"森林重庆"建设等政策建议,为重庆市转型低碳经济发展提供参考。

Greenhouse Gas Inventory and Emission Accounting of Chongqing

Nowadays,irrational energy consumption and GHG emission in China have exerted great pressure on the task of energy saving & consumption reduction and restricted the harmonious development of urban areas.Thus,the building of low-carbon city is regarded as a promising way to cope with these issues.As Chongqing City is the only municipality in West China and one of the pilot low carbon cities,it is of great theoretical and practical importance to research into the status of GHG emission in Chongqing.The paper considered the emissions from energy activities,industry processes,waste disposal,cropping and breeding industry and carbon sink of wetland and forest to monitor the performance of greenhouse gas in Chongqing.Results showed that there was an uprising trend of greenhouse gas emission in Chongqing from 66.36 million tCO2e to 153.39 million tCO2e in the study period.However,with the increase in GHG emissions,there was a decreasing trend in CO2 emissions per GDP in Chongqing.In addition,primary energy consumption and purchased electricity have made up the largest proportion of GHG emission.Based on the analysis of the results,policy implications of reducing emission and increasing forestry land in the Twelfth Five Year Plan Period of Chongqing are given finally to guide the development of low-carbon economy.