江西省乡村休闲旅游地类型划分与空间格局研究

乡村休闲旅游地的多样化协调发展有助于优化乡村休闲旅游的空间格局。以江西省为案例地,选取312个乡村休闲旅游地为研究对象,借助Arc-GIS10.2空间分析工具,运用地理集中指数、变异系数和核密度分析、栅格分析、缓冲分析等研究方法探索了乡村休闲旅游地类型与空间分布格局及其影响因素。研究发现:(1)江西省乡村休闲旅游地类型多样,主要可划分为生态观光类、休闲度假类、农事体验类、农业科技类、乡土文化类和特色村镇类6大类型;(2)江西乡村休闲旅游地整体上呈现出"人"字型结构的集聚分布特征及"傍水"、"亲景"、"沿路"、"环城"的整体分布特征;(3)6大类型乡村休闲旅游地均为集聚分布,但集聚状况具有明显差异,其中乡土文化类集聚程度最高,农业科技类最弱;(4)发达的河流湖泊水系、高星级景区的建设、交通路网的可达性、城市客源和乡村休闲旅游政策的支持对江西乡村休闲旅游地的空间分布产生了重要的影响。基于研究结论,为优化江西乡村休闲旅游地空间布局及未来乡村休闲旅游发展提出了相应的对策与建议。

Classification and Spatial Distribution Pattern of Rural Leisure Tourism Destinations in Jiangxi Province

Abstract：The diversified and coordinated development of rural leisure tourism destinations contributes to the optimization of spatial pattern of rural tourism. Taking Jiangxi Province as a case study, this paper selects 312 rural leisure tourism destinations as research objects and uses geographic concentration index, coefficient of variation, kernel density analysis, grid analysis, and buffer analysis to explore the types, spatial distribution patterns and influencing factors of rural leisure tourism destinations based on Arc-GIS10.2 spatial analysis tool. Conclusions are as follows: (1) various types of rural leisure tourism destination were found, mainly including the following six types: ecological and sightseeing, leisure and vacation, farming experience, agricultural science and technology, folk culture and characteristic villages and towns. (2) The overall spatial distribution pattern of rural leisure tourism destinations in Jiangxi Province shows the character of human-shape agglomeration, specifically, “nearing rivers and lakes ”, “closing to the scenic spots”, “along the main roads”, and “around the metropolis” are common characters. (3) The spatial distribution patterns of all types of rural leisure tourism destinations are agglomerated, but the agglomeration status has obvious differences among six types. The type of local culture is the most concentrated, while the agricultural science and technology shows on the least concentrated character. (4) The abundant water resource, the construction of five-A or four-A scenic spots, the accessibility of the traffic network, urban tourists source and the support of rural tourism policies have played a pivotal role in the spatial distribution of rural leisure tourism destinations in Jiangxi. Based on the research conclusions, the following four suggestions are proposed to optimize the spatial distribution pattern of rural leisure tourism destinations and the future development of rural leisure tourism in Jiangxi: (1) Fully understand the market demand and resource attributes, and promote the coordinated development of various rural leisure tourism destinations; (2) Deeply explore the advantages of red culture and Hakka culture in the central and southern areas to achieve balanced development of rural leisure tourism; (3) Promptly improve the transportation network system around Ganzhou, and enhance the accessibility of rural leisure tourism destinations in southern Jiangxi; (4) Actively promote the construction of high-star tourist attractions and reinforce their radiation effects on rural leisure tourism destinations.