中国生物多样性重点保护区评价标准探讨

从基于景观大尺度的评价和基于保护区域小尺度的评价2个层次,综述了国内外研究者在生物多样性重点区域评价方面开展的工作.尝试构建一般标准和鉴定标准的双重中国生物多样性重点保护区评价标准.其中,一般标准是作为重点保护区的基本条件,必须全部满足,而鉴定标准是依据相应指标进行判断,凡具有任意1项或多项指标的区域可被确认为重点保护区.并就指标体系和评价标准的具体内涵作了阐述.

Criteria for Evaluation of Priority Biodiversity Nature Reserves of China

How to identify areas worth assigning as priority biodiversity nature reserves is a key task that needs researching.A review was presented of advancements in the study of the world on evaluation of areas of priority for biodiversity protection.On such a basis,attempts were made to establish a complete set of criteria including general standards and identifying standards for evaluation of priority biodiversity nature reserves in China,and expatiate concrete connotation of its index system and evaluation criteria.The general standards must be accorded as basic qualification of a priority protected area.The identifying standards are judged by relevant indexes.If a site accords with one or more index of identifying standards,it can be identified as priority protected area.The general standards consist of three aspects:(1) area has great meaning to biodiversity conservation;(2) area at natural or near natural state;(3) area has enough size to support its major protected subject living.The identifying standards consist of eight aspects:(1) area has more than 2 000 kinds of high plants or 300 kinds of vertebrates;(2) area has more than 40% of high plants or vertebrates in its bio-region or province;(3) area has more than 40% of endangered species,national protected plants or national protected animals in its bio-region or province;(4) area has more than 40% of peculiar species in its bio-region or province;(5) area has more than 1% of one species which lived here in normal condition;(6) area has more than 10% of distributing areas of one species which lived here in normal condition;(7) area has an ecosystem which is typical representative or peculiar type;(8) area has wildlife population with outstanding scientific or cultural meaning.