菌根技术在重金属污染修复中的研究与展望

菌根技术作为一种生物新技术对于重金属污染土壤的生物修复正在为全球环境工作者所关注。在土壤中菌根及其庞大的菌丝体网可以分泌大量的生物化学物质，改变植物根际环境及重金属的存在状态或降低重金属的毒性；还可以通过在植物体内的累积以及菌根真菌菌丝体的螯合等各种机制，实现对重金属的提取和固定，达到菌根重金属修复的目的。文章通过讨论菌根植物对重金属修复的作用机制，提出今后菌根技术在重金属植物修复中的新思路；认为应在通过广泛调查、筛选超积累菌根植物的基础上，不断探索植物一微生物一菌根体系修复问题，同时认为应将基因工程引入菌根植物的重金属修复研究中，以促进土壤重金属污染的生物修复。

Advance in the research on mycorrhizae in mitigating heavy metal pollution and its prospect

Recently using mycorrhizal technique to reclaim heavy metal polluted soil has attracted global attention. In the polluted soil, mycorrhiza and its hyphae can excrete biochemical substance, change rhizosphere and the structure of heavy metal, and consequently mitigate heavy metal pollution. This paper summarizes the mechanisms of mycorrhizal mitigation of heavy metal pollution, and proposes that one creative approach is to extensively select the most suitable native mycorrhizal fungus, because each polluted soil has its specific vegetation-heavy metal-mycorrhiza system. The possible role of gene engineering in the mycorrhizal research is also discussed in the paper.