On-line real-time measurements at incineration plants: PAHs and a PCDD/F surrogate compound at stationary combustion conditions and during transient emission puffs

Laser mass spectrometry has been applied for on-line monitoring of traces of aromatic compounds from flue gas of incineration plants. The experiments have been carried out at two sampling sites in an industrial hazardous-waste incinerator. With laser mass spectrometry resonance-enhanced multiphoton ionization (REMPI) with time-of-flight mass spectrometry (TOFMS) (REMPI-TOFMS), using the group selective multi-component monitoring approach, aromatic compounds are selectively ionized from the complex flue-gas matrix. In this case, the result of an REMPI-TOFMS on-line measurement is a distinct pattern of aromatic compounds. These patterns are dependent on: (i) the point of measurement, (ii) the incineration plant, (iii) the temperature, and (iv) the fuel. This contribution focuses on the fuel dependence of the pattern. The most transient behavior can be observed when containers filled with hazardous waste are burnt, leading to puffs. Real-time monitoring results of puffs are given. Furthermore, as an approach towards on-line monitoring of the TEQ (PCDD/F toxicity equivalent), REMPI-TOFMS on-line analysis results of chlorobenzene are presented.