管线钢的海水微生物腐蚀

以海水环境中管线钢的微生物腐蚀(MIC)为中心,就国内外与其相关的报道进行综述分析,并提出建议。首先,分析了海水中导致管线钢腐蚀的主要微生物种类及其代谢过程的特点,得出海水中腐蚀微生物具有多样性特征,代谢途径受环境参数的影响。然后,分析了海水中微生物所致管线钢腐蚀机理的研究现状,得出管线钢MIC机理主要与细菌的代谢产物、代谢活动和生物膜的形成有关,突出不同环境下管线钢MIC的复杂性。再次,介绍了海水中管线钢MIC防治的研究现状,并分析了主要防护技术的优缺点。最后,提出对海水环境管线钢MIC研究工作的建议,包括建立海水管线钢腐蚀微生物种类数据库、大力研发绿色高效MIC控制技术、加强对海水管线钢MIC基础性研究工作的投入等。

Microbiologically Influenced Corrosion of Pipeline Steel in Seawater

This article reviewed MIC of pipeline steel in seawater, including the main populations of corrosive bacteria and proposed suggestions based on the review and analysis of relative reports in China and other countries. Firstly, the categories and metabolisms of corrosive bacteria were analyzed. It was found that the category of corrosive bacteria was diversity, and their metabolic processes were dependent on environment parameters in seawater. Secondly, analysis was conducted on MIC mechanisms of pipeline steel in seawater, and metabolic products, process of corrosive bacteria and biofilm were believed to be significant in MIC mechanisms of pipeline steel. Thirdly, analysis of the current status, advantages, and disadvantages of protection technologies against MIC of pipeline steel in seawater was carried out, and the combination of diverse protection technologies was exhibited. Finally, proposals were given on the research work of pipeline steel MIC in seawater, which included the establishment of databases on corrosive bacteria, much more efforts on the research and development of green and high-efficiency protection technologies, more investment in the fundamental research.