当代环境规划的定义、作用与特征分析

环境规划可定义为人类为使环境与经济、社会协调发展而对自身活动和环境所做的时间和空间的合理安排．它遵循和追求的战略思想和根本目标是可持续发展；它的基本出发点是保障人们享用环境权和公正地规定享用环境经济权时所应遵守的义务；它的基本任务是依据有限的环境承载力，规定人们经济和社会活动的约束要求，并提出保护和建设环境的方案．环境规划的作用是促进环境与经济、社会的协调发展；保障环境保护活动纳入国民经济和社会发展计划；合理分配排污削减量；以最小的投资获取最佳的环境效应；指导各项环境保护活动的进行．针对环境规划具有的整体性、综合性、区域性、动态性以及信息密集和政策性强等基本特征，分析了环境规划在分类、理论、原则、内容、方法学、支撑软件、工作程序和管理上所采取的对策．

Definition, function and characteristic analysis of modern environmental planning

Environmental planning can be defined as the appropriate arrangement of time and space for human activities and environment in order to achieve the coordinative development of environment, economy and society.Its strategic thought and fundamental objective are to guarantee the right of enjoying environment and regulate the obligation fairly while enjoying the right of environmental economy. Its basic task is to regulate constraint and demand of people's economic and social activities on the basis of the limited environmental loading capacity and to put forward scheme of environmental protection and construction.Its functions are to promote the coordinative development of environment, econ omy and society, to guarantee that environmental protection activities are embedded in the plan of national economy and society development, to allocate the abatement load of pollutants appropriately, to obtain the best environmental benefit with the least investment and to direct every environmental activity. Facing the characteristics of environmental planning including integrity, comprehensiveness, regionalsim, dynamicrole, information density and powerful policy, the analysis on the countermeasures of environmental planning concerning classification, theory, principle, content, methodology, support software, procedure and administration was presented in this article.