空气微生物研究方法进展与展望

着重论述了空气微生物气溶胶的研究方法，主要有培养基法和非培养基法。培养基法是传统的微生物研究方法，需要花费大量的时间和劳动力，只能够检测活的能够在培养基上生长的微生物，可以大致反映空气中的微生物气溶胶。非培养基法，主要是PCR法，具有敏感性高、快速、特异性强等特点，能够检测出环境样品中绝大多数的微生物，是一种微生物气溶胶检测的有效途径。最后指出实时持续的监测是将来空气微生物研究的努力方向和发展趋势。

Progress and perspective of research methods for airborne microbes

The research progress on the methods of airborne microbe was reviewed in the paper. Conventional culture dependent methods used for detecting bioaerosols rely on collection of airborne and surface microorganisms and analysis of sample either by culturing on artificial growth media or by microscopic assay, that make bioaerosols studies labour intensive and time consuming. Culture analysis methods underestimate concentrations because only culturable cells are enumerated and identified, while non-culturable organisms go undetected. Culture independent methods, mainly the PCR analytical technique which is an effective approach to detecting airborne microbes can provide rapid, sensitive and reliable data for bioaerosol exposure monitoring, that can detect all bioaerosols including culturable and non-culturable microorganisms. Finally, real-time measurement of aerosols that may facilitate increased accuracy of the results was considered a new research direction and development trend.