极端强降雨条件下黄土丘陵沟壑区不同植被类型土壤水分特征

为了解黄土丘陵沟壑区极端强降雨条件下土壤水分与植被之间的关系,对2013 年7 月极端强降雨条件下黄土丘陵沟壑区5 种主要植物群落,即刺槐(Robinia psendoacacia)、柠条(Caragana intermedia)、铁杆蒿(Artemisia gmelinii)、长芒草(Stipa bungeana)、白羊草(Bothriochlo aischaemun)群落的土壤水分进行了调查与分析,结果表明:①极端强降雨下,植被是影响土壤含水量的主要因素;②草本群落的土壤水分明显好于人工林,其中长芒草群落的土壤含水量、土壤贮水量和土壤有效贮水量均最高,分别为17.8%、961.2 mm和691.2 mm,郁闭度最大的31 龄林土壤水分最差;③人工林地土壤水分可补充至300 cm左右,草本群落土壤水分可补充至500 cm左右,人工林地深层土壤水分的恢复仍十分困难.

The Soil Moisture Characteristics under Different Vegetation Types after Extremely Heavy Rainfall on the Hilly-gullied Loess Plateau

In order to understand the relationship between soil moisture and vegetation after extremely heavy rainfall on the hilly-gullied Loess Plateau, the soil moisture was observed and analyzed under five different vegetation types (Robinia psendoacacia, Caragana intermedia, Artemisia gmelinii, Stipa bungeana and Bothriochloa ischaemun) after a series of heavy rainfall in July 2013. The results show that: 1) Vegetation became the main factor that affected soil moisture after extremely heavy rainfall. 2) The soil moisture under grassland was higher than that under the artificial forests. The soil under Stipa bungeana had the highest soil moisture, soil water storage and available soil water storage, which were 17.8%, 961.2 mm and 691.2 mm, while the soil under 31 years old Robinia psendoacacia had the lowest soil moisture. 3) The infiltration depth of soil under artificial forests was about 300 cm, and about 500 cm under the grassland. It was difficult to recover the moisture in the deep soil under the artificial forest.