驾驶员自身因素对限速标志识别能力的影响分析

以研究城市道路限速标志下驾驶行为的变化为主要目的,基于认知心理学知识,采用实地观测和问卷调查等手段,研究了驾驶员经过限速标志时的心理及反应过程。依据认知工效学中的注意和记忆等机制对驾驶员的限速标志认知过程进行了解析;从驾驶员自身角度分析了影响驾驶员识别限速标志的主要因素;利用因子分析方法对调查数据和调查项目进行统计分析;最终提取了影响驾驶员识别限速标志的6个自身因素为主因子,作为限速标志对驾驶行为影响较大的因素。该研究结果可为城市道路限速标志的设计与设置提供科学依据。

Analysis on the Influence of Drivers' self Factors on the Identification of Speed Limit Sign

For the purpose of studying drivers' behavior under speed limit signs on city roads, field observation and questionnaires were conducted to analyze drivers' mental state and responding process when they were passing speed-limit signs based on the knowledge of cognitive psychology. According to the mechanisms of attention and memory in cognitive ergonomics, drivers' cognitive process of identifying speed-limit signs was decomposed and analyzed; main factors affecting drivers' identification of speed-limit signs were also analyzed from the angle of drivers' selves. Finally, six factors from drivers' selves were obtained as the key ones affecting drivers' identification of speed-limit signs by using method of factor analysis to statistically analyze the survey data and items. This research may provide a theoretical basis for the installation and design of speed-limit signs.