西南喀斯特峰丛-洼地水力联系特征分析

西南喀斯特流域具有独特的峰丛-洼地水流特征及水力联系,本文针对陈旗小流域,根据山坡岩溶泉、洼地观测井水位、水温、水化学以及气象实测数据,利用统计分析方法,分析不同水源动态变化特征;结合电阻率层析成像(ERT)探测结果,解析山坡与洼地之间的水力联系。结果表明:反映山坡表层岩溶带作用的山坡泉对降雨响应迅速,土层覆盖厚的洼地含水层相对较慢。洼地含水层与山坡表层岩溶带水力联系呈现分段规律,反映枯期和雨季山坡侧向流、洼地降水垂向补给对洼地地下水影响程度存在差异,该研究为揭示喀斯特山区峰丛-洼地水文循环过程提供科学依据。

Hydrologic Connectivity in Peak-cluster Depression of Karst Area in Southwestern China

The karst watershed in Southwestern China has unique water flow characteristics and hydraulic relations in peak-cluster area. In this study, based on the data of water level, water temperature, hydrochemistry and meteorological data of springs and observation wells in the small watershed, hydrologic connectivity between the karst peak and depression for a small watershed of Chenqi area, Pudding Country, Guizhou Province, China were studied, by using the statistical analysis method and the result of Electrical Resistivity Tomography (ERT). Results show that the slope springs which reflects the effect of the epikasrt, is quick to respond to rainfall, and the aquifer of the depression is relatively slow. The hydrologic connectivity between the slopes and the depression shows different patterns, and the influences of the lateral flow of slopes and the vertical rainfall recharge are different in dry or wet seasons. The research provides a scientific basis for revealing the hydrological cycle of peak-cluster depression in karst areas.