生物柴油发动机颗粒排放物粒径及其分布试验研究

为获取燃用不同比例生物柴油的发动机排放颗粒物粒径及其分布特性,对1台增压直喷式车用柴油机进行了台架测试.用80 L/min定量泵和装有直径90 mm的玻纤滤膜采样器在排气管内采样10 min,用激光粒度仪测量与分析颗粒粒径和分布.结果表明,随着发动机转速提高,排放颗粒粒径变小且分布更集中.干法众数对应的粒径级较大（约10～12 μm）且较集中,湿法众数的较小（约4～10 μm）且分散.用干法分析,发动机低速时,B100的Sauter平均直径d₃₂最大,纯柴油最小,而B20的结果介于二者之间.而高速时B20的粒径最大,纯柴油次之,B100最小.中数粒径d(0.5)的结果也反映这一趋势.用湿法分析,除了2?000 r/min点外, B20的d₃₂最大,B100次之,柴油最小.湿法众数比干法分散,因而d₃₂也较大.

Experimental Study on Particle Size Distributions of an Engine Fueled with Blends of Biodiesel

The purpose of this study is to obtain the particle size distributions of an engine fueled biodiesel and its blends. A turbocharged DI diesel engine was tested on a dynamometer. A pump of 80 L/min and fiber glass filters with diameter of 90 mm were used to sample engine particles in exhaust pipe. Sampling duration was 10 minutes. Particle size distributions were measured by a laser diffraction particle size analyzer. Results indicated that higher engine speed resulted in smaller particle sizes and narrower distributions. The modes on distribution curves and mode variation were larger with dry samples than with wet samples (dry: around 10 - 12 microm vs. wet: around 4 - 10 microm). At low speed, Sauter mean diameter d32 of dry samples was the biggest with B100, the smallest with diesel fuel, and among them with B20, while at high speed, d32 the biggest with B20, the smallest with B100, and in middle with diesel. Median diameter d(0.5) also reflected the results. Except for 2 000 r/min, d32 of wet with B20 is the biggest, the smallest with diesel, and in middle with B100. The large mode variation resulted in increase of d32.