南四湖水质空间分布监测分析与水环境问题解析

南四湖作为南水北调东线工程重要的输水通道和调蓄湖泊,其水质状况一直受到人们的广泛关注。根据南四湖水质空间分布监测数据,按平均综合污染指数Pj>2的标准共筛选出29个重污染测点,其中有19个处于重污染河口外混合区,说明南四湖污染物主要来自于重污染河流;南四湖2006年秋和2007年春监测的总体平均综合污染指数分别为2.12和1.98,表明南四湖污染依然相当严重,而且秋季比春季水质更差,按湖区南阳湖、微山湖岛北、小北湖的水质最差,特别是南阳湖水质四项主要指标平均超标2倍以上。南四湖两次监测CODcr、TP、TN的单项污染分摊率平均值依次为30.6%、36.0%、33.4%,表明南四湖的主要污染物是TP、TN、CODcr。因此,在调整区域内重污染企业工业结构的同时,应实行管辖区内工业和城市生活等污水的深度处理和截蓄导用,严格执行水污染物排放标准和总量控制指标。

MONITORING ANALYSIS OF SPATIAL DISTRIBUTION OF WATER QUALITY AND WATER ENVIRONMENTAL PROBLEMS DIAGNOSIS OF NANSI LAKE

Nansi Lake is an important water conveyance channel and storage lake of the East Route Project of South-to-North Water Transfer.Its water quality has been drawing widely attention of the public.Based on monitoring data of spatial distribution of water quality in Nansi Lake,according to the standard of average comprehensive pollution index Pj>2,29 heavily-polluted monitor stations were selected,19 of which located in the inflow mixing zones of heavily-polluted rivers.That means the pollutants of Nansi Lake were mainly from those highly polluted rivers.The comprehensive average pollution index of Nansi Lake in autumn,2006 and spring,2007 were 2.12 and 1.98,indicating the pollution of Nansi Lake was still at high level.Besides,the water quality at autumn was worse than that at spring.While Nanyang Lake,north Weishan Lake Island and Xiaobei Lake were the worst,especially the Nanyang Lake,whose average four indices exceeded more than two times than the standard.The average value of individual soiled share rates of CODcr,TP,TN in Nansi Lake were 30.6%,36.0% and 33.4%,proving them to be the main pollutants of Nansi Lake.Accordingly,local industrial and life waste water’s further utility and storage,as well as strictly following the discharge standard of water pollutants and total control index should also be carried out with adjustment of local heavy pollution industrial structure.