江苏降水pH值的特征分析

研究江苏省降水pH值的分布特征。主要采用数理统计和对比分析等方法。江苏酸雨从北向南快速加重,出现酸雨的概率,徐州低于,淮安接近,南京和常州高于全省酸雨发生概率22.8%。年、月、旬、日平均pH值徐州、淮安、南京、常州之间有一部分相关,但大部分相关不明显。徐州的平均pH值随时间变化最不稳定,南京次之,淮安再次之,常州最稳定。在近10多年来降水过程中出现碱雨的概率约是酸雨的1.6~6.5倍。污染物的排放随时间变化虽然具有一定的区域性集中特征,但主要以局部变化为主;具有时间上相对集中的阶段性特征。环境污染物的排放量随时间变化徐州最不稳定,南京次之,淮安再次之,常州最稳定。看到江苏酸雨形势已相当严重的同时必须看到出现碱雨的频率约是酸雨的1.6~6.5倍,降水碱化问题是必须要重视的一个重要事实,应当引起人们的高度重视,加强其对环境影响的研究,提高污染物的综合治理水平。

Analysis of pH Value in Precipitation of Jiangsu Province

Methods of mathematic statistics and contrast analysis were used to study the distribution characteristics of pH value in precipitation of Jiangsu Province. Results showed that acid rain was quickly serious from north to south,with average frequency of acid rain up to 22.8%. Annual,monthly,ten-day and daily mean pH value of cities of Xuzhou,Huai’an,Nanjing and Changzhou were in partial relationship while most were not related. In recent 10years,frequency of alkali rain was 1.6~6.5 times that of acid rain. Change of pollutant discharge was characterized with district and time. Tendency of alkali in the precipitation should be paid much attention.