农村水源地水质重金属健康风险评估研究

介绍了饮用水水源地中基因毒物质和躯体毒物质所致的健康危害的风险度计算模型,并根据雅安市雨城区农村水源地水质实测资料,进行健康风险评价与分析。结果表明:(1)基因毒物质由饮水途径所致健康危害的个人年风险按大小排列为Cr(VI)>As>Cd,而躯体毒物质的个人年风险按大小排列为Hg>Pb>Mn>Fe,但前者的影响远大于后者;(2)水源地中的3种基因毒物质所致健康危害的个人年风险,远远超过瑞典环保局、荷兰建设和环境部推荐的最大可接受水平1.00×10-6a-1,且Cr(VI)的健康风险危害超过国际辐射防护委员会(ICRP)推荐的最大可接受值5.00×10-5a-1,应将Cr(VI)视为本区饮水的优先治理污染物。

Health Risk Assessment of Heavy Metals of Rural Drinking Water Sources

Mathematical models were established to assess the health risk from both gene and non-gene toxic substances in drinking water sources. Based on the data determined in Yucheng District of Ya＇an City, the health risk was assessed and analyzed. The results showed： 1. the annual personal risk of gene toxic substances via drinking water ranked as Cr（VI） 〉 As 〉 Cd, and that of non-gene toxic substances ranked as Hg 〉 Pb 〉 Mn 〉 Fe. However, the effects of former group of substances were much greater than the latter group of substances ; 2. health risk caused by three gene toxic substances in water sources were much higher than 1.00×10^-6a^-1, the maximal acceptable level recommended by Sweden Bureau of Environmental Protection and Holland Ministry of Construction ＆ Environmental Protection. Additionally, the personal health risk caused by Cr （VI） was higher than 5.00×10^-5a^-1, the maximal acceptable level recommended by ICRP. Therefore Cr（VI） should have the priority to be treated as a pollutant in drinking water in this area.