废水处理系统中微型生物群落变化与水质净化

利用PFU法(聚氨酯泡沫塑料块)和直接采水法对哈药集团制药总厂的污水处理厂污水处理系统进行样品采集,研究该处理系统中微型生物群落动态,并应用荧光原位杂交技术监测影响系统处理效能的主要菌群,同时结合水质的理化指标对处理系统进行综合评价。结果表明:处理系统中共检出微型生物48种,其中鞭毛虫8种,肉足虫5种,纤毛虫25种,后生动物2种,藻类8种。各个采样点环境差异显著,随着处理池离排污口距离的增加原生动物的种类随之增加,多样性指数增大。经常大量出现的有肋盾纤虫(Aspidisca-costata)和小球藻(Chlorella)、广缘小环藻(Cyclotella stelligera)。FISH实验得到的细菌资料显示处理系统中,进水菌量大于出水菌量,这与原生动物变化规律相反,表明出水水质得到改善。

Change of Microbiological Community in Sewage Treatment System and Water Quality Purification

The microorganism community dynamics were analyzed in sewage treatment system in Harbin Pharmaceutical Factory,and the major bacteria community which would influence the refinery sewage treatment was monitored by FISH.Based on the experiment,the sewage treatment system was evaluated combining with the physiochemical index of water quality.The results showed that a total of 48 microorganism,of which 8 flagellates,5 sarcodinas,25 ciliatas,2 metazoas,8 algaes were identified,and the environment were particularly different in every sampling sites.The number of the protozoon species and diversity index grew with the increase of distance between treatment pools to effluent outlet.Aspidiscacostata,chlorella,cyclotella stelligera appeared frequently.FISH experimental results demonstrate that the amount of inhalant bacterium was larger than exhalant bacterium in the treatment system,which means that water quality of effluent improved significantly.