奎屯-独山子石化区夏季和秋季PM2.5形貌及矿物组成

PM2.5是城市大气的主要污染物,对人体健康危害巨大。研究PM2.5的形貌特征及矿物组成有助于解析PM2.5的来源和贡献及评估PM2.5对人体健康的风险。利用高分辨率场发射扫描电镜(FESEM)和能谱(SEM-EDX)对以石化为支柱产业的奎屯-独山子石化区域生活区和工业区的夏季、秋季PM2.5的形貌和矿物类型进行了分析。结果表明,奎屯-独山子的PM2.5主要包括矿物颗粒(规则矿物、不规则矿物)、烟尘集合体、球形颗粒(燃煤飞灰和二次粒子)、其他颗粒(生物质、未知颗粒)等4种类型,其中矿物颗粒在数量上和体积上均占优势。夏季规则矿物颗粒较多。从元素组成分析看,夏季PM2.5有"富Si"、"富Al"、"富Fe"、"富Ca"、"富Cu"、"富Zn"等类型,秋季PM2.5有"富Si"、"富Ca"、"富Fe"、"富Zn"、"富Cu"、"富Ti"、"富Ba"等类型,2个季节均以"富Si"颗粒占优势,表明道路扬尘、燃油飞灰、燃煤飞灰、工业粉尘、机动车尾气尘、城市扬尘等污染源是奎屯-独山子石化区夏季和秋季大气污染的主要来源。

Kuitun -Dushanzi Area in Summer and Autumn Morphology and Mineral Composition of PM2.5

Atmospheric particles PM_2.5 samples collected in Kuitun-Dushanzi region in the different seasons were analyzed. A high-resolution field emission scanning electron microscopy (FESEM) were used to identify the morphology of PM_2.5 in Kuitun -Dushanzi region of Xinjiang.It has been identified from the image analysis that the single particle mainly consists of mineral particles ,spherical particles,soot aggregates,other particles (biomass,fiber,ultra-fine unknown particles). Scanning Electron Microscopy coupled with energy dispersed X-ray Spectrometry(SEM-EDX) was used to analyze the chemical element composition of mineral particles in the atmospheric PM_2.5 of the petrochemical area,according to spectroscopy analysis ,the petrochemical area particles were divided into 6 different types, "Si-rich","Al-rich","Fe-rich","Ca-rich","Cu-rich","Zn-rich" in summer,"Si-rich","Ca-rich","Fe-rich","Cu-rich","Ti-rich","Zn-rich","Ba-rich" in fall. "Si-rich" is dominant for two seasons. Results reveal that,road dust ,factories,power plants,motor vehicle exhaust, are Kuitun-Dushanzi region's main source of air pollution.