大冶龙角山矿区几种植物的重金属吸收特征

通过调查采样和化学测试,对大冶龙角山矿区小麦、油菜、莴苣、白菜苔、豌豆等几种主要农作物中的重金属Cu、Pb、Cd及类金属As的质量分数进行分析。结果表明,供试农作物中,莴苣的重金属(包括As)质量分数显著高于其它作物的,其中以Cd质量分数最高,而豌豆的重金属质量分数最低,其它作物重金属质量分数由高到低的顺序为油菜、腌菜、白菜苔、小麦;小麦中的重金属质量分数依次是w(Cd) > w(As) > w(Pb) > w(Cu) > w(Cr),油菜中为w(Cd) > w(As) > w(Pb) > w(Cr) > w(Cu),莴苣中为w(Cd) > w(Cu) > w(Pb) > w(As)> w(Cr);随河流向下,作物中重金属含量变化规律与相应土壤中重金属累积量基本一致,如油菜含铜量在上游为0.61 g/g,在下游为0.37 g/g。

Contamination of heavy metals in plants of daye longjiaoshan gangue area

Contents of heavy metals and metalloid (Cu, Cr, Zn, Pb, Cd, Hg, As) were measured in plants collected from the Long-jiaoshan gangue area, Daye city, China. The results indicated that the contents of heavy metals and metalloid As were noticeably higher in lettuce than that of other crops, therein the content of Cd was the highest. Those in pea were the lowest. The contents of heavy metals in other crops were in the order of that of rape > of cabbage > of wheat. The contents of heavy metals in wheat were in the order of w(Cd) > w(As) > w(Pb) > w(Cu) > w(Cr), that of rape were w(Cd) > w(As) > w(Pb) > w(Cr) > w(Cu), and that of lettuce were w(Cd) > w(Cu) > w(Pb) > w(As)> w(Cr). The contents of heavy metals in plants gradually decreased along the river flow, which were basically consistent with the change of the quantity of heavy metal accumulated in soils. For instance, content of Cd in rape at upper reaches was 0.61 g/g, and at lower reaches was 0.37 g/g.