基于CiteSpace的城市空间形态与碳排放关系研究进展

城市空间形态与碳排放的关系是低碳城市建设的理论依据。基于WOS和CNKI数据库，采用CiteSpace软件对1991—2022年城市空间形态与碳排放的关系进行了综述。从发文趋势、合作网络、突现词探测、关键词分析等角度，分析了该领域的发展动态、研究热点，并通过关键词聚类对文献相关内容进行综合解析。结果表明：（1）1991—2022年该领域发文量总体呈上升趋势，在国际重要事件节点上，发文量有大幅上升。（2）中国是该领域发文最多的国家，发文量达34.03%，美国发文中心性最高，为0.48，且国家、机构合作紧密。（3）关键词共现表明探究城市形态对碳排放的影响一直是学术界关注的热点；突现词探测表明研究重心逐渐从与交通碳排放相关的城市空气质量转移到与城市形态和碳排放有关的内容上来。（4）从关键词聚类标签来看，国内外将城市碳排放测算作为重中之重，并通过指标量化城市空间形态分析城市形态对碳排放的驱动作用；通过建立模型定量探讨城市空间形态与碳排放的关系是未来的研究趋势。未来应编制规范的城市层面碳排放清单以提高测算精度、拓宽城市形态与碳排放关系的研究尺度、深入挖掘三维城市空间形态与碳排放的关系。

Research progress on the relationship between urban spatial form and carbon emissions based on CiteSpace

Background, aim, and scope Urban carbon emissions are the one of the major sources of global carbon emissions, and how to solve the problem of urban carbon emissions is a major challenge facing the development of low-carbon economy. Scholars at home and abroad have gradually noticed the correlation between urban carbon emissions and urban spatial morphology, which provides theoretical possibilities for urban planners to build low-carbon cities. However, previous studies mostly focused on traditional literature reading and organization, lacking the use of bibliometrics to systematically summarize the research status in this field. Thus, it is imperative to clarify the relationship between urban spatial form and carbon emissions. Materials and methods This study uses CiteSpace software to analyze the development trends and research hotspots in the field from the perspectives of literature publishing trend, collaborative network, burst term detection and keyword analysis. The relevant content of the literature is comprehensively analyzed through keyword clustering based on the WOS and CNKI databases. Results From 1991 to 2022, the overall number of publications generally showed an upward trend, with a significant increase at important international events. Publications in China, accounting for 34.03%, were the largest number of the whole relevant publications, while the United States has the highest centrality of publications at 0.48, and there is close cooperation between countries and institutions. The co-occurrence of keywords indicates that exploring the impact of urban form on carbon emissions has always been a hot spot of academic concern. The detection of emergent words shows that the research focus in this field has gradually shifted from urban air quality related to transportation carbon emissions to content related to the impact of urban morphology on carbon emissions. From the perspective of keyword clustering label, the calculation of urban carbon emissions is given top priority at home and abroad, and the driving effect of urban spatial form on carbon emissions is analyzed through quantitative methods. It is a future research trend to quantitatively explore the relationship between urban spatial form and carbon emission by establishing a model. Discussion Urban spatial form does not directly affect carbon emissions, but indirectly affects carbon emissions through various intermediary factors. Due to the fact that the construction of low-carbon cities in China is still in the exploratory stage and the significant differences in the development models of different cities, accurately establishing carbon emission accounting lists for each city and scientifically measuring the characteristics of urban spatial forms are of great significance for supporting urban carbon emission research and promoting urban emission reduction. Conclusions The urban spatial form has an impact on carbon emissions, but this impact is not static. A more compact city, more contiguous land parcels, and a more reasonable development model are conducive to promoting urban emission reduction. Recommendations and perspectives Further research is required to strengthen the study of the relationship between the spatial form of different scales cities and carbon emissions. Based on improving the accuracy of urban carbon emission accounting and scientifically measuring the characteristics of urban spatial form, in-depth exploration of the relationship between three-dimensional urban spatial form and carbon emissions should be conducted.