基于LCA的污水处理方案碳中和综合影响评价

在"碳达峰,碳中和"双碳目标背景下,污水处理行业碳中和规划中尚缺乏对工艺设计方案的定量化综合影响评价。为此,基于全生命周期(LCA)框架,建立全生命周期碳足迹、环境、经济综合影响评价模型(LCA-CEE),并利用该模型对2种不同污泥处理工艺下污水处理厂(A方案:污泥填埋;B方案:污泥-厨余垃圾共消化)以30年为限的建设阶段、运行阶段、拆除阶段中能耗、物耗、污染排放等方面进行综合影响评价与对比分析。结果表明:B方案利用共消化热电联产系统发电量高达38.9 MW·h,碳中和率达到133%,实现能源自给自足,经济效益较A方案提高1.6倍且环境影响显著减小。该LCA-CEE模型从全流程评价节能减排路径,为污水处理行业碳中和规划提供理论支撑。

COMPREHENSIVE IMPACT ASSESSMENT ON CARBON NEUTRALIZATION OF WASTEWATER TREATMENT PLANTS BASED ON HYBRID LCA

Under the background of China's carbon peak and carbon neutralization goals,there is a lack of quantitative comprehensive impact assessment on process design in carbon-neutral planning of the wastewater treatment industry.Therefore,based on the LCA framework,a comprehensive impact assessment model of carbon footprint,environment,and economy of the whole life cycle (LCA-CEE) was established.And the model was used to analyse the effects of two different sludge treatment processes in sewage treatment plants (A plant:sludge landfill;B plant:sludge-kitchen waste co-digestion).The comprehensive impact assessment and comparative analysis were conducted on energy consumption,material consumption and pollution discharge in the construction,operation and demolition stages within 30 years.The results showed that the power generation of cogeneration system in plant B reached 38.9 MW·h,realizing energy self-sufficiency and with a carbon neutralization rate up to 133%.Compared with plant A,the economic benefit was 1.6 times higher and the environmental impact was significantly reduced.The LCA-CEE model developed in this study evaluated the energy-saving and emission reduction path from the whole process,providing theoretical support for carbon neutrality planning of the sewage treatment industry.