Soil lead (Pb) in residential transects through Lubbock,Texas: a preliminary assessment |
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Authors: | Ray W Brown Chris Gonzales Michael J Hooper Andrew C Bayat Ashley M Fornerette Tobias J McBride Thomas Longoria Howard W Mielke |
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Institution: | (1) Department of Environmental Toxicology, The Institute of Environmental and Human Health, Texas Tech University, Box 41163, Lubbock, TX, 79409-1163, USA;(2) College of Pharmacy, Xavier University of Louisiana, 1 Drexel Drive, New Orleans, LA, 70125, USA;(3) Biology Department, Austin College, 900 N. Grand Ave., Sherman, TX, 75090-4400, USA;(4) Department of Biology, Xavier University of Louisiana, 1 Drexel Drive, New Orleans, LA, 70125, USA;(5) Center for Public Service, Texas Tech University, Box 1015, Lubbock, TX, 79409-1015, USA;(6) Bioenvironmental Research, Tulane University, Health and Environmental Research Bldg, 1430 Tulane Avenue, SL-3, New Orleans, LA, 70112, USA |
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Abstract: | Residential lead (Pb) contamination, resulting from decades-long use of leaded gasoline and lead-based paint, is likely to
be present in soils in most urban areas. A screening level sampling effort demonstrated that Lubbock, Texas, USA, like other
cities of its age and size, has areas of elevated soil Pb. This effort was based on soil sampling performed on residential,
commercial and thoroughfare properties. The focus of this study was to investigate that component of soil contamination due
to combustion of leaded gasoline. Soils were collected from the 1–2 cm surface layer from street-side property borders, well
away from buildings that might lead to soil contamination from leaded paint chips. All samples were analyzed for Pb after
a 1 M HNO3 mild extraction to determine the amount of bioavailable Pb. Two of three transects through the city demonstrated significant
trends of decreasing Pb concentrations with distance from the city center, paralleling a decrease in developed property age.
Peak soil Pb concentrations outside city development was 4.9 ± 0.6 mg/kg while the median concentration for the city was 35.4 mg/kg.
Peak soil Pb concentrations in the city center ranged from 90.0 to 174.0 mg/kg and decreased exponentially to 6.0–9.0 mg/kg
at the furthest terminus of the residential transects. |
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Keywords: | Childhood lead exposure Geospatial soil contamination Medical geology Urban lead (Pb) concentrations |
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