2-丁烯醛生产废水中溶解性有机物的分级解析

采用超滤膜法将2-丁烯醛生产废水中的有机物分为相对分子质量不同的7个级分,并应用溶解性有机碳(dissolved organic carbon,DOC)、紫外吸收光谱(ultraviolet spectrum,UV)、傅里叶变换红外光谱(fourier transform infrared spectrometer,FT-IR)和气相色谱/质谱联用仪(gas chromatography with mass spectrometry,GC-MS)技术对不同相对分子质量区间的有机物所占比例及物质结构进行了研究.结果表明,废水中相对分子质量1×103的有机物所占比例最高,达到88.57%;采用GCMS对废水中相对分子质量1×103的级分进行分析,定性出27种化合物,包含醛、酮、酯、醇、酚、酸、烷烃类及其他苯系物等,其峰面积占有机物峰面积总和的比例分别为6.9%、5.3%、35.4%、13.2%、4.6%、0.4%、1.7%、16.8%,总和为84%.UV和FT-IR分析结果均显示不同相对分子质量区间的光谱吸收特征没有明显差别,级分中存在含有不饱和双键、羟基、羰基化合物及芳香族化合物,与GC-MS检测结果相吻合.研究结果为废水处理工艺的开发与优化提供了重要的指导作用.

Classification and Analysis of Dissolved Organic Matter in 2-Buternal Manufacture Wastewater

The dissolved organic matters from 2-buternal manufacture wastewater were fractionated into seven fractions by ultra-filtration membrane separation. The amounts and structural compositions of organic compounds in different molecular weight ranges were characterized by dissolved organic carbon (DOC), ultraviolet spectrum (UV), Fourier transform infrared spectrometer (FT-IR) and gas chromatography with mass spectrometry (GC-MS). The results showed that the fraction of molecular weight less than 1×10³ had the largest proportion in the wastewater, and occupied 88.57% of the DOC. There were 27 kinds of compounds qualitatively analyzed by GC-MS, mainly including aldehyde, ketone, ester, alcohol, phenol, organic acid, alkane and other heterocyclic compounds. The proportions of compounds of peak area accounting for total peak area of organic matters were 6.9%, 5.3%, 35.4%, 13.2%, 4.6%, 0.4%, 1.7% and 16.8% respectively, adding up to 84%. The analysis of UV and FT-IR demonstrated that the spectral absorptive characteristics of organic compounds from different fractions were not significantly different. The fractions contained carbonyls, hydroxys and aromatic compounds, which was consistent with the qualitative analysis of GC-MS. The results of this study provide an important guidance for the development and optimization of 2-buternal manufacture wastewater treatment process.