公路隧道中可吸入颗粒物化学组分特征研究

为了解公路隧道中可吸入颗粒物污染水平及化学组分特征，笔者于2006年9月1日在交通繁忙的石黄隧道中间及入口处进行了可吸入颗粒物（PM10）同步采样，并对样品进行了化学成分分析。根据PM10质量浓度监测以及样品的元素、OC＼EC及离子成分分析结果，对隧道口及隧道中的PM10的污染状况和化学成分特征进行了对比分析。PM10浓度监测和化学成分分析结果表明：石黄隧道环境空气中PM10质量浓度明显高于隧道外的浓度，隧道内PM10污染比较严重；隧道内PM10的离子浓度明显低于隧道外，而OC、EC浓度则又明显高于隧道外，另外其元素中Ca、Al、Si等浓度也明显高于隧道外，这些化学成分特征显示，隧道内的PM10主要来源于机动车尾气及道路扬尘。

Research on the Characteristics of the Chemical Components of the Inhalable Particles in Highway Tunnels

In order to study the PMl0 pollution level and the characteristics of its chemical components in the highway tunnels, PM10 were sampled synchronously in the middle of Shihuang tunnel and its entrances on Sept. 1, 2006. Then the chemical components of PM10 were analyzed. Based on the monitored concentration of PM10 as well as the analysis results of elements, OC ／ EC and components of the samples, comparison analysis was conducted between the pollution and the chemical components of PM10 from the middle and entrances of the tunnel. The results shewed that the coneentration of PM10 inside the Shihuang tunnel was significantlyhigher than outside, and PM10 pollution inside the tunnel was heavy; the concentration of PM10 ions inside the tunnel was significandy lower than outside, while the concentration of OC ／ EC as well as the elements including Ca, Al, Si etc. were obviously higher than outside, the chemical components indicated that PM10 in tunnel origins from the vehicles exhaust gas and the road dust.