Alcohol-impaired motorcyclists versus car drivers: A comparison of crash involvement and legal consequence from adjudication data |
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Institution: | 1. Development Research Institute of Transportation Governed by Law, School of Law, Southeast University, Nanjing 210096, China;2. Zachry Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX 77843-3136, USA;3. Judicial Big Data Research Center, School of Law, Southeast University, Nanjing 210096, China;1. Division of Trauma and Critical Care, Department of Surgery, Northwestern University, Chicago, Illinois;2. Department of Surgery, St. Joseph Hospital, Chicago, Illinois;3. Department of Trauma Surgery, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India;1. Spectrum Health/Michigan State University General Surgery Residency, Grand Rapids, MI, United States;2. Spectrum Health/Michigan State University Plastic Surgery Residency, Grand Rapids, MI, United States;3. Department of Surgery, Michigan State University, Grand Rapids, MI, United States;4. Trauma Research Institute, Division of Acute Care Surgery, Spectrum Health Hospital, Michigan State University College of Human Medicine, Grand Rapids, MI, United States;5. Division of Surgical Oncology, Spectrum Health Hospital, Michigan State University College of Human Medicine, Grand Rapids, MI, United States;6. Division of Acute Care Surgery, Spectrum Health Hospital, Michigan State University College of Human Medicine, Grand Rapids, MI, United States;7. Trauma Research Institute, Division of Acute Care Surgery, Spectrum Health Hospital, Grand Rapids, MI, United States |
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Abstract: | Introduction: Driving under the influence (DUI) increases the probability of motor-vehicle collisions, especially for motorcycles with less protections. This study aimed to identify commonalities and differences between criminally DUI offenses (i.e., with a blood alcohol concentration (BAC) of 80 mg/dL or higher) committed by motorcyclists and car drivers. Methods: A total of 10,457 motorcycle DUIs and 8,402 car DUIs were compared using a series of logistic regression models, using data extracted from the documents of adjudication decisions by the courts of Jiangsu, China. Results: The results revealed that offenders from the high-BAC group (i.e., 200 mg/dL or higher) accounted for more than 20% of the total DUI offenses, and were more likely to be involved in a crash and punished with a longer detention. Motorcyclists had a higher likelihood of crash involvement, and were also more likely to be responsible for single-vehicle crashes associated with higher odds of injury sustained, compared to alcohol-impaired car drivers. In the verdict, motorcycle offenders were more likely to receive a less severe penalty. Conclusions: Interventions are clearly required to focus on reducing in the high-BAC group of offenders. For alcohol-impaired motorcyclists, their risks of crash and injury against BAC climb more steeply than the risks for car drivers. The factors including frequent occurrences, uncertainty of detection, and short-term sentences may weaken the deterrence effect of the criminalization of motorcycle DUI. Practical Applications: The traffic-related adjudication data support traffic safety analysis. Strategies such as combating motorcycle violations (e.g., unlicensed operators or driving unsafe vehicles), undertaking education and awareness campaigns, are expected for DUI prevention. |
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Keywords: | Driving under the influence Crash involvement Adjudication outcomes Motorcycle Deterrent effect |
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