流域问题的本质与长江流域的适度开发

流域文明发端于水 ,流域发展依赖于水 ,流域问题的本质表现为水。长江流域是我国水资源最为丰富的战略发展区域 ,但水土流失严重 ,水旱灾害频繁 ,生态破坏 ,环境污染 ,直接影响着 2 1世纪长江流域水资源的开发前景。本文分析了水与流域的发展关系 ,并通过总结世界大河流域发展的经验与教训 ,揭示了长江流域的水资源问题 ,提出了长江流域要适度开发的原则和对策。

ESSENCE OF BASIN PROBLEMS AND THE APPROPRIATE EXPLOITATION OF THE CHANGJIANG RIVER VALLEY

Water, the origin of basin civilization,upon which valley development is dependent, is the essence of basin questions. The Changjiang River Basin,an important strategic region in China, has the richest water resource. But there also exist many problems, such as serious soil erosion, frequent flood and drought, ecological disturbance, pollution, etc.All of these may affect directly the developing prospect of water resources in the Changjiang River Basin in the 21 century. This paper deals with the relationship between water resource and the basin exploitation, and those experiences on basin development in the world. Then the authors reveal the problems of water resource in the Changjiang River Basin in the future, and suggest the relevant countermeasures and the principle for appropriate exploitation.