Determination of Source Contributions to Ambient PM2.5 in Kaohsiung,Taiwan, Using a Receptor Model |
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| Authors: | Kang-Shin Chen CF Lin Youn-Min Chou |
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| Institution: | 1. Institute of Environmental Engineering, National Sun Yat-Sen University , Kaohsiung , Taiwan, Republic of China shin@mail.nsysu.edu.tw;3. Institute of Environmental Engineering, National Sun Yat-Sen University , Kaohsiung , Taiwan, Republic of China;4. Division of Mathematics and Statistics , The University of Texas at San Antonio , San Antonio , Texas , USA |
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| Abstract: | ABSTRACT Ambient particulates of PM2.5 were sampled at three sites in Kaohsiung, Taiwan, during February and March 1999. In addition, resuspended PM2.5 collected from traffic tunnels, paved roads, fly ash of a municipal solid waste (MSW) incinerator, and seawater was obtained. All the samples were analyzed for twenty constituents, including water-soluble ions, organic carbon (OC), elemental carbon (EC), and metallic elements. In conjunction with local source profiles and the source profiles in the model library SPECIATE EPA, the receptor model based on chemical mass balance (CMB) was then applied to determine the source contributions to ambient PM2.5. The mean concentration of ambient PM2.5 was 42.6953.68 μj.g/m3 for the sampling period. The abundant species in ambient PM2.5 in the mass fraction for three sites were OC (12.7-14.2%), SO4 2- (12.8-15.1%), NO3 - (8.110.3%), NH4+ (6.7-7.5%), and EC (5.3-8.5%). Results of CMB modeling show that major pollution sources for ambient PM2.5 are traffic exhaust (18-54%), secondary aerosols (30-41% from SO4 2- and NO3 -), and outdoor burning of agriculture wastes (13-17%). |
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