An engineering model for countercurrent flow under wind-induced waves and current |
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| Authors: | Y. Yang A. G. Straatman H. Hangan E. K. Yanful |
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| Affiliation: | (1) The Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, The University of Western Ontario, London, Ontario, Canada, N6A 5B9;(2) The Department of Mechanical and Materials Engineering, The University of Western Ontario, London, Ontario, Canada, N6A 5B9;(3) The Boundary Layer Wind Tunnel Laboratory, The University of Western Ontario, London, Ontario, Canada, N6A 5B9 |
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| Abstract: | A general model for the phase-averaged velocity field in wind-induced countercurrent flow is proposed. The influence of waves on the time-averaged velocity is accounted for by introducing a skewness factor in a parabolic eddy viscosity model. The skewness factor represents the net effect of the wavy surface in the engineering model for velocity. The coherent velocity components are described separately by an orbital velocity obtained from linear wave theory and are added to the time-averaged components to give a complete model for the phase-averaged velocity field. The proposed model collapses to the standard model for deep-water conditions, but is also shown to yield the correct behavior for intermediate conditions. Moreover, the bed shear stress, derived from the proposed velocity model, is also shown to be in agreement with experiments. |
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| Keywords: | Countercurrent flow Shallow water Semi-empirical model |
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